Dialog & Windows 使用技巧 _windows dialog-CSDN博客

1. 在任务栏隐藏对话框

ModifyStyleEx(WS_EX_APPWINDOW, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);

2. 使对话框为顶层窗口

SetWindowPos(&this->wndTopMost, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE);

3. 在运行时添加最大化，最小化按钮

SetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE,

GetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE) |

WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX);

UpdateWindow();

4. 当对话框一部分在屏幕外时，显示全部对话框

SendMessage(DM_REPOSITION);

5. 改变鼠标外形

添加 WM_SETCURSOR 消息映射函数

BOOL CTest6Dlg::OnSetCursor(CWnd* pWnd, UINT nHitTest, UINT message)

{

SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_HELP));

return 0;

}

6. 改变对话框背景色和文本颜色

在CTest6App的InitInstance中添加

SetDialogBkColor(RGB(255,0,0), RGB(0,255,0));

7. 改变对话框caption上的图标

导入自己的图标资源到工程中，把原来ID为 IDR_MAINFRAME 的资源删除，把新的图标的ID命名为IDR_MAINFRAME

8. 在主对话框显示前，显示一个login对话框

BOOL CTest6App::InitInstance()

{

//...

int nResponse;

CLoginDlg loginDlg;

nResponse = loginDlg.DoModal();

if (nResponse == IDOK)

{

}

if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)

{

return FALSE;

}

CTest6Dlg dlg;

m_pMainWnd = &dlg;

int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();

if (nResponse == IDOK )

{

}

else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)

{

}

return FALSE;

}

9. 在对话框中添加工具栏

方法一：添加以下代码到 OnInitDialog 中

if ( !m_wndToolBar.Create(this) || !m_wndToolBar.LoadToolBar(IDR_TOOLBAR1) )

{

TRACE0("Failed to Create Dialog Toolbar/n");

EndDialog(IDCANCEL);

}

CRect rcClientOld; // 久客户区RECT

CRect rcClientNew; // 加入TOOLBAR后的CLIENT RECT

GetClientRect(rcClientOld); //

// Called to reposition and resize control bars in the client area of a window

// The reposQuery FLAG does not really traw the Toolbar. It only does the calculations.

// And puts the new ClientRect values in rcClientNew so we can do the rest of the Math.

//重新计算RECT大小

RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST,

AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,

reposQuery,

rcClientNew);

// All of the Child Windows (Controls) now need to be moved so the Tollbar does not cover them up.

//所有的子窗口将被移动，以免被TOOLBAR覆盖

// Offest to move all child controls after adding Tollbar

//计算移动的距离

CPoint ptOffset(rcClientNew.left-rcClientOld.left,

rcClientNew.top-rcClientOld.top);

CRect rcChild;

CWnd* pwndChild = GetWindow(GW_CHILD); //得到子窗口

while(pwndChild) // 处理所有子窗口

{

//移动所有子窗口

pwndChild->GetWindowRect(rcChild);

ScreenToClient(rcChild);

rcChild.OffsetRect(ptOffset);

pwndChild->MoveWindow(rcChild,FALSE);

pwndChild = pwndChild->GetNextWindow();

}

CRect rcWindow;

GetWindowRect(rcWindow); // 得到对话框RECT

rcWindow.right += rcClientOld.Width() - rcClientNew.Width(); // 修改对话框尺寸

rcWindow.bottom += rcClientOld.Height() - rcClientNew.Height();

MoveWindow(rcWindow,FALSE); // Redraw Window

RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST,AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,0);

方法二：

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/dlgtoolstatusbar.asp

10.响应对话框的最大化、最小化、关闭、恢复事件

方法一：添加 WM_SYSCOMMAND 消息映射函数

void CTest6Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)

{

if ( (nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX )

{

CAboutDlg dlgAbout;

dlgAbout.DoModal();

}

else

{

if ( nID == SC_MAXIMIZE )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("最大化"));

}

else if ( nID == SC_MINIMIZE )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("最小化"));

}

else if ( nID == SC_CLOSE )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("关闭"));

}

CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);

}

方法二：添加 WM_SIZE 消息映射函数

void CTest6Dlg::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)

{

CDialog::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);

if ( nType == SIZE_MAXIMIZED )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("最大化"));

}

else if ( nType == SIZE_MINIMIZED )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("最小化"));

}

else if ( nType == SIZE_RESTORED )

{

AfxMessageBox(_T("恢复"));

}

11.代码实现窗口最小化，最大化，关闭

PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MINIMIZE);

PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MAXIMIZE);

PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_CLOSE);

12.按下ESC和ENTER键时禁止关闭对话框

方法一：

(1) 重载OnCancel和OnOk，屏蔽其中的CDialog::OnCancel()和CDialog::OnOk();

(2) 添加以下代码

void CTest6Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)

{

if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX)

{

CAboutDlg dlgAbout; //if you have an about dialog

dlgAbout.DoModal();

}

else if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == SC_CLOSE)

{

//用户点击右上角"X"

EndDialog(IDOK);

}

else

{

CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);

}

方法二：

BOOL CTest6Dlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)

{

if ( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )

{

switch(pMsg->wParam)

{

case VK_ESCAPE:

return TRUE; //直接返回TRUE

break;

case VK_RETURN:

return TRUE;

break;

}

return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);

}

方法三：

Q122489：How to Disable Default Pushbutton Handling for MFC Dialog

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/122489/en-us

13. 对话框中编辑框如何响应VK_RETURN

对话框中的编辑框不能响应回车键，是因为对话框中的VK_RETURN消息被传给了OnOK，解决方法：

CString m_edit;

.........

void CxxxDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)

{

CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);

DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_edit);

}

..........

重载PreTranslateMessage

BOOL CXXXDlg:: PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)

{

if (pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN || pMsg->wParam == VK_SPACE ){

if (pMsg->wParam == VK_RETURN) {

UpdateData();

MessageBox(m_edit);

}

else{

::TranslateMessage(pMsg);

: ispatchMessage(pMsg);

}

return TRUE;

}

return CDialog: reTranslateMessage(pMsg);

}

14.在对话框中处理键盘鼠标消息

处理PreTranslateMessage消息

以下代码示例只演示了键盘WM_KEYDOWN消息，你也可以处理鼠标消息，比如WM_LBUTTONDOWN,WM_LBUTTONUP,WM_RBUTTONDOWN等。

BOOL CTest6Dlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)

{

/**********************************************************/

/* 当焦点在combobox(drop down风格)的edit上,响应回车 */

/***********************************************************/

if ( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )

{

switch( pMsg->wParam )

{

case VK_RETURN:

CEdit *pEdit = (CEdit*)m_combo1.GetWindow(GW_CHILD);

if(pMsg->hwnd == pEdit->m_hWnd )

{

AfxMessageBox("在combobox的edit中按下了Enter!");

}

return TRUE;

}

/****************************************/

/* ALT为WM_SYSKEYDOWN */

/****************************************/

if( pMsg->message == WM_SYSKEYDOWN )

{

switch( pMsg->wParam )

{

case VK_F1:

if(::GetKeyState(VK_MENU) < 0)//ALT+F1

{

AfxMessageBox("按下了ALT+F1");

return TRUE;

}

/****************************************/

/* 在clistctrl中按ctrl+A选中所有项 */

/****************************************/

if( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )

{

if(pMsg->hwnd == GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST1)->m_hWnd)

{

switch( pMsg->wParam )

{

case 65://A

if(::GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) < 0)//Shift+enter

{

for(int i=0; i<m_list.GetItemCount(); i++)

{

m_list.SetItemState(i, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED,

LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED);

}

return TRUE;

}

/****************************************/

/* 当焦点在combobox,弹出自定义菜单 */

/****************************************/

if(pMsg->message == WM_RBUTTONDOWN)

{

CEdit *pEdit = (CEdit*)m_combo1.GetWindow(GW_CHILD);

if(pMsg->hwnd == pEdit->m_hWnd)

{

DWORD dwPos = GetMessagePos();

CPoint point( LOWORD(dwPos), HIWORD(dwPos) );

ScreenToClient(&point);

ClientToScreen(&point);

CMenu menu;

VERIFY( menu.LoadMenu( IDR_MENU1 ) );

CMenu* popup = menu.GetSubMenu(0);

ASSERT( popup != NULL );

popup->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RIGHTBUTTON, point.x, point.y, this );

}

return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);

}

15.对话框启动即隐藏

添加 WM_SHOWWINDOW 的消息映射

void CTest6Dlg::OnShowWindow(BOOL bShow, UINT nStatus)

{

if ( GetStyle() & WS_VISIBLE )

{

CDialog::OnShowWindow(bShow, nStatus);

}

else

{

long Style = ::GetWindowLong(*this, GWL_STYLE);

::SetWindowLong(*this, GWL_STYLE, Style | WS_VISIBLE);

CDialog::OnShowWindow(SW_HIDE, nStatus);

}

16.对话框自动停靠在屏幕边

const int DETASTEP = 50;

BOOL AdjustPos(CWnd *pWnd, CRect* lpRect)

{

//自动靠边

int iSX = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);

int iSY = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);

RECT rWorkArea;

BOOL bResult = SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA, sizeof(RECT), &rWorkArea, 0);

CRect rcWA;

if ( !bResult )

{

//如果调用不成功就利用GetSystemMetrics获取屏幕面积

rcWA = CRect(0,0,iSX,iSY);

}

else

rcWA = rWorkArea;

int iX = lpRect->left;

int iY = lpRect->top;

if ( iX < rcWA.left + DETASTEP && iX!=rcWA.left )

{

//调整左

pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,rcWA.left,iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);

lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.left-iX,0);

AdjustPos(lpRect);

return TRUE;

}

if ( iY < rcWA.top + DETASTEP && iY!=rcWA.top )

{

//调整上

pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.top,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);

lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.top-iY);

AdjustPos(lpRect);

return TRUE;

}

if ( iX + lpRect->Width() > rcWA.right - DETASTEP && iX !=rcWA.right-lpRect->Width() )

{

//调整右

pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,rcWA.right-rcW.Width(),iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);

lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.right-lpRect->right,0);

AdjustPos(lpRect);

return TRUE;

}

if ( iY + lpRect->Height() > rcWA.bottom - DETASTEP && iY !=rcWA.bottom-lpRect->Height() )

{

//调整下

pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.bottom-rcW.Height(),0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);

lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.bottom-lpRect->bottom);

return TRUE;

}

return FALSE;

}

//然后在ONMOVEING事件中使用如下过程调用

CRect r=*pRect;

AdjustPos(this, &r);

*pRect=(RECT)r;

17.单击窗口任意位置都可拖动窗口

添加 WM_LBUTTONDOWN 的消息映射

void CTest6Dlg::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)

{

PostMessage(WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN, HTCAPTION, 0);

CDialog::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);

}

或者参考

http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/02/12/CQA/default.aspx

18.用Enter键替换Tab键实现焦点切换

BOOL CTest6Dlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)

{

if ( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )

{

if ( pMsg->wParam == VK_RETURN )

pMsg->wParam = VK_TAB;

}

return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);

}

19.在对话框添加快捷键

(1) 在CXXXApp中类中添加声明

HACCEL m_haccel;

(2) 在resource view中右键点击树的根目录，选择insert，添加一个新的Accelerator，默认ID为IDR_ACCELERATOR1。

在其中添加相应菜单的快捷键。

(3) 在BOOL CXXXApp::InitInstance()中添加代码

m_haccel = LoadAccelerators(AfxGetInstanceHandle(), MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_ACCELERATOR1));

(4) 添加CXXXApp类的 ProcessMessageFilter 消息映射函数

BOOL CTest6App::ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)

{

if ( m_haccel )

{

if ( ::TranslateAccelerator(m_pMainWnd->m_hWnd, m_haccel, lpMsg) )

return TRUE;

}

return CWinApp::ProcessMessageFilter(code, lpMsg);

}

或者参考

Q100770：How to use accelerator keys and a main menu on the dialog box in Visual C++

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/100770/en-us

20.对话框全屏

int cx, cy;

HDC dc = ::GetDC(NULL);

cx = GetDeviceCaps(dc,HORZRES) + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXBORDER);

cy = GetDeviceCaps(dc,VERTRES) + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYBORDER);

::ReleaseDC(0,dc);

// Remove caption and border

SetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE,

GetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE) & (~(WS_CAPTION | WS_BORDER)));

// Put window on top and expand it to fill screen

::SetWindowPos(m_hWnd, HWND_TOPMOST,

-(GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXBORDER)+1),

-(GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYBORDER)+1),

cx+1,cy+1, SWP_NOZORDER);

或参考

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/dialog-basedapplications/article.php/c1837/

21.控制对话框最大最小尺寸

(1) 对话框的属性的必须是resizing的

(2) 打开classwizard->class info标签页->message filter中选择window

(3) 添加 WM_GETMINMAXINFO 消息映射

void CTest6Dlg::OnGetMinMaxInfo(MINMAXINFO *lpMMI)

{

lpMMI->ptMinTrackSize = CPoint(200, 200);

}

22. 创建无模式对话框

Q103788：Creating a Modeless Dialog Box with MFC Libraries

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/103788/EN-US/

23.在对话框中改变菜单项状态(enable/disable, check/uncheck, change text)

Q242577：You cannot change the state of a menu item from its command user-interface handler if the menu is attached to a dialog box in Visual C++

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/242577/en-us

24. 按下F1出现帮助

Q141724：Context-Sensitive Help in a CDialog Object

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/141724/en-us

25. 在网上可以找到很多有用的代码,我只是把一些常用的功能列出链接，方便查看

http://support.microsoft.com

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/

http://www.codeguru.com/Cpp/W-D/dislog/

改变对话框大小时同时改变控件大小

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/easysize.asp

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/resizabledialog.asp

http://www.vchelp.net/vchelp/archive.asp?type_id=5&class_id=1&cata_id=1&article_id=548&search_term=

http://www.vchelp.net/vchelp/archive.asp?type_id=5&class_id=1&cata_id=1&article_id=538&search_term=

如何在可变大小（resizing）的对话框中实现滚动窗口

Q262954：How to create a resizeable dialog box with scroll bars in Visual C++

http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;262954

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/scrollablechilddialog.asp

从某一点或某一边逐渐变大显示对话框

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/canidialog.asp

一个重载的MessageBox类

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/xmessagebox.asp

option设置对话框(左边是树，右边是子对话框)

实现原理：create多个child类型的对话框，然后全部hide，点击左边树的item时，显示相应子对话框。

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/ezoptionsdlg.asp

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/csettingsdlg.asp

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/optionsdialogs/article.php/c1953/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/optionsdialogs/article.php/c2015/

实现MSN的右下角的消息弹出提示窗口

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/statusbarmsgwnd.asp

Tip of the day(每日一贴)功能的实现

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/XHTMLTipOfTheDay.asp

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/tipoftheday/article.php/c4993/

不规则对话框

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/SimpleIrregular.asp

扩展和收缩对话框

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/dlgexpand.asp

对话框渐变色

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/WinMakeInactive.asp

屏幕捕捉

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/screencap.asp

对话框菜单添加“最近使用文件列表”功能

http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/rfldlg.asp

关闭对话框时，逐渐消失

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/animation/article.php/c5063/

对话框背景bitmap

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/bitmapsimages/article.php/c1877/

透明对话框

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/miscellaneous/article.php/c5065/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/miscellaneous/article.php/c5019/

在对话框中创建view

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/article.php/c5009/

Splash Screen

Q817372：How to insert a splash screen in a dialog-based application by using Visual C++ .NET or Visual C++ 2005

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/817372/en-us

Q815376：How to create and insert a splash screen in an SDI application or in an MDI application by using Visual C++ .NET or Visual C++ 2005

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/815376/en-us

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/splashscreens/article.php/c2011/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/miscellaneous/article.php/c5019/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/splashscreens/article.php/c5029/

分割对话框

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/splitterwindowswithingdialogs/article.php/c4973/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/splitterwindowswithingdialogs/article.php/c2031/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/splitterwindowswithingdialogs/article.php/c1979/

标题栏Title Bar

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/titlebar/article.php/c1897/

添加状态栏statusbar和工具栏toolbar

Q123158：Adding Control Bars to Foundation Classes Dialogs

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/123158/en-us

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/toolbarsandstatusbars/article.php/c1955/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/toolbarsandstatusbars/article.php/c1939/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/toolbarsandstatusbars/article.php/c1949/

Tooltip

Q141758：How to add tooltips for controls to an MFC modal dialog box

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/141758/en-us

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/tooltipsfordialogcontrols/article.php/c2017/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/tooltipsfordialogcontrols/article.php/c1843/

http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/w-d/dislog/tooltipsfordialogcontrols/article.php/c1839/

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原文地址:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u2/64540/showart_665504.html