ZooKeeper介绍
ZooKeeper是Hadoop的正式子项目,它是一个针对大型分布式系统的可靠协调系统,提供的功能包括:配置维护、名字服务、分布式同步、组服务等。ZooKeeper的目标就是封装好复杂易出错的关键服务,将简单易用的接口和性能高效、功能稳定的系统提供给用户。
Zookeeper是Google的Chubby一个开源的实现.是高有效和可靠的协同工作系统.Zookeeper能够用来leader选举,配置信息维护等.在一个分布式的环境中,我们需要一个Master实例或存储一些配置信息,确保文件写入的一致性等.Zookeeper能够保证如下3点:
- Watches are ordered with respect to other events, other watches, and
asynchronous replies. The ZooKeeper client libraries ensures that
everything is dispatched in order. - A client will see a watch event for a znode it is watching before seeing the new data that corresponds to that znode.
- The order of watch events from ZooKeeper corresponds to the order of the updates as seen by the ZooKeeper service.
在Zookeeper中,znode是一个跟Unix文件系统路径相似的节点,可以往这个节点存储或获取数据.如果在创建znode时Flag设置 为EPHEMERAL,那么当这个创建这个znode的节点和Zookeeper失去连接后,这个znode将不再存在在Zookeeper 里.Zookeeper使用Watcher察觉事件信息,当客户端接收到事件信息,比如连接超时,节点数据改变,子节点改变,可以调用相应的行为来处理数 据.Zookeeper的Wiki页面展示了如何使用Zookeeper来处理事件通知,队列,优先队列,锁,共享锁,可撤销的共享锁,两阶段提交.
ZooKeeper官网
ZooKeeper安装
首先下载最新版 zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz
然后解压
tar zxvf zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz
然后进入conf目录修改zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg
然后vi zoo.cfg
更改为:
- # The number of milliseconds of each tick
- tickTime=2000
- # The number of ticks that the initial
- # synchronization phase can take
- initLimit=10
- # The number of ticks that can pass between
- # sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
- syncLimit=5
- # the directory where the snapshot is stored.
- # do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
- # example sakes.
- dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
- # the port at which the clients will connect
- clientPort=2181
- #
- # Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
- # administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
- #
- # http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
- #
- # The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
- #autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
- # Purge task interval in hours
- # Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
- #autopurge.purgeInterval=1
编辑保存后进入bin目录执行
./zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper测试
- [root@localhost bin]# ./zkCli.sh
- Connecting to localhost:2181
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,484 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.5-1392090, built on 09/30/2012 17:52 GMT
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,488 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=localhost.localdomain
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,489 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.6.0_29
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,489 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,490 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/jre
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,490 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../build/classes:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../lib/netty-3.2.2.Final.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.5.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/../conf:./:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/jre/lib
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,491 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/jre/lib/i386/client:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/jre/lib/i386:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_29/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,491 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,491 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,492 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,492 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=i386
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,493 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=2.6.18-308.24.1.el5
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,493 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,493 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,494 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,496 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=localhost:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@5ffb18
- Welcome to ZooKeeper!
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,592 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost.localdomain:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@966] - Opening socket connection to server localhost.localdomain/127.0.0.1:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (无法定位登录配置)
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,601 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost.localdomain:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@849] - Socket connection established to localhost.localdomain/127.0.0.1:2181, initiating session
- JLine support is enabled
- 2013-01-16 14:36:22,693 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost.localdomain:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1207] - Session establishment complete on server localhost.localdomain/127.0.0.1:2181, sessionid = 0x13c3c5224cc0000, negotiated timeout = 30000
- WATCHER::
- WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] help
- ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
- connect host:port
- get path [watch]
- ls path [watch]
- set path data [version]
- rmr path
- delquota [-n|-b] path
- quit
- printwatches on|off
- create [-s] [-e] path data acl
- stat path [watch]
- close
- ls2 path [watch]
- history
- listquota path
- setAcl path acl
- getAcl path
- sync path
- redo cmdno
- addauth scheme auth
- delete path [version]
- setquota -n|-b val path
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /my_data "data.ch.com"
- Created /my_data
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] get /my_data
- "data.ch.com"
- cZxid = 0x2
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:20 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x2
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:20 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x2
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 0
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 13
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] set /my_date "123456.com"
- Node does not exist: /my_date
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] set /my_data "123456.com"
- cZxid = 0x2
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:20 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x4
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:58 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x2
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 1
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 12
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /my_data
- "123456.com"
- cZxid = 0x2
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:20 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x4
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:58 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x2
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 1
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 12
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] create /mytemp "你好吗"
- Created /mytemp
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] get /myt
- Node does not exist: /myt
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /mytemp
- "你好吗"
- cZxid = 0x5
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:40:44 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x5
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:40:44 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x5
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 0
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 11
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] get /mytemp
- "你好吗"
- cZxid = 0x5
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:40:44 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x5
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:40:44 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x5
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 0
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 11
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] get /my_data
- "123456.com"
- cZxid = 0x2
- ctime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:20 CST 2013
- mZxid = 0x4
- mtime = Wed Jan 16 14:38:58 CST 2013
- pZxid = 0x2
- cversion = 0
- dataVersion = 1
- aclVersion = 0
- ephemeralOwner = 0x0
- dataLength = 12
- numChildren = 0
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] ls
- ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
- connect host:port
- get path [watch]
- ls path [watch]
- set path data [version]
- rmr path
- delquota [-n|-b] path
- quit
- printwatches on|off
- create [-s] [-e] path data acl
- stat path [watch]
- close
- ls2 path [watch]
- history
- listquota path
- setAcl path acl
- getAcl path
- sync path
- redo cmdno
- addauth scheme auth
- delete path [version]
- setquota -n|-b val path
- [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12]