文本文件读写
简单文件读写一般是借助于FileOutputStream和FileInputStream,其中FileOutputStream用于写文件,而FileInputStream用于读文件。写文件时,先把File文件转为FileOutputStream对象,然后调用该对象的write方法写入文件。注意write方法的参数是字节流byte[],所以需要把要保存的文本串转为字节流后才能操作。
读文件时,也是先把File文件转为FileInputStream对象,然后调用该对象的available方法获得字节流的长度,分配指定长度的临时字节流;接着把文件内容读入这个临时字节流,最后把临时字节流转换为String字符串。
下面是读写文本文件的代码片段:
private void saveTxtFile(String path, String txt) {
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path);
fos.write(txt.getBytes());
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private String openTxtFile(String path) {
String readStr = "";
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
byte[] b = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(b);
readStr = new String(b);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return readStr;
}
图片文件读写
Android上的图片处理类是Bitmap,代码中读写Bitmap也可以使用FileOutputStream和FileInputStream。不过在频繁读写图片时,这两个类的处理性能不如BufferedOutputStream和BufferedInputStream。所以在实际编码中,读写图片文件一般还是用BufferedOutputStream和BufferedInputStream。保存图片文件时,调用Bitmap的compress方法,指定图片类型、压缩质量,以及图片的BufferedOutputStream对象,然后调用BufferedOutputStream对象的flush方法完成写入。
打开图片文件时,使用BitmapFactory的decodeStream方法,从BufferedInputStream对象中读取Bitmap图片信息。
下面是读写图片文件的代码片段:
private void saveBitmap(String path, Bitmap bitmap) {
try {
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(path));
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, bos);
bos.flush();
bos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private Bitmap openBitmap(String path) {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
try {
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
new FileInputStream(path));
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(bis);
bis.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bitmap;
}
下面是一个完整的文件读写代码例子,包括文本文件读写和图片文件读写:
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private TextView tv_file;
private ImageView iv_file;
private String txtFile, imgFile;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
String externalDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
txtFile = externalDir + "/a.txt";
imgFile = externalDir + "/b.jpg";
tv_file = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_file);
iv_file = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_file);
tv_file.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
Button btn_write = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_write);
Button btn_read = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_read);
btn_write.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_read.setOnClickListener(this);
Button btn_img_save = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_img_save);
Button btn_img_open = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_img_open);
btn_img_save.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_img_open.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)!=true) {
Toast.makeText(this, "当前SD卡不可用", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return;
}
if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_write) {
String writeStr = "白日依山尽,\n黄河入海流。\n欲穷千里目,\n更上一层楼。";
saveTxtFile(txtFile, writeStr);
String writeDesc = String.format("当前时间为%s\n文件路径为%s\n",
getNowDateTime(), txtFile);
tv_file.setText(writeDesc);
} else if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_read) {
File file = new File(txtFile);
if (file.exists() != true) {
Toast.makeText(this, txtFile+"文件不存在", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return;
}
String readStr = openTxtFile(txtFile);
String writeDesc = String.format("当前时间为%s\n文件路径为%s\n文件内容为:\n%s\n",
getNowDateTime(), txtFile, readStr);
tv_file.setText(writeDesc);
} else if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_img_save) {
tv_file.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);
Bitmap bitmap = tv_file.getDrawingCache();
saveBitmap(imgFile, bitmap);
} else if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_img_open) {
File file = new File(imgFile);
if (file.exists() != true) {
Toast.makeText(this, imgFile+"文件不存在", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return;
}
Bitmap bitmap = openBitmap(imgFile);
iv_file.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
}
}
private String getNowDateTime() {
SimpleDateFormat s_format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
Date d_date = new Date();
String s_date = "";
s_date = s_format.format(d_date);
return s_date;
}
private void saveTxtFile(String path, String txt) {
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path);
fos.write(txt.getBytes());
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private String openTxtFile(String path) {
String readStr = "";
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
byte[] b = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(b);
fis.close();
readStr = new String(b);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return readStr;
}
private void saveBitmap(String path, Bitmap bitmap) {
try {
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(path));
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, bos);
bos.flush();
bos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private Bitmap openBitmap(String path) {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
try {
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
new FileInputStream(path));
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(bis);
bis.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bitmap;
}
}
点击下载本文用到的文本文件与图片文件读写的工程代码