trait和policy研习

本文转自http://redwolf.blog.51cto.com/427621/88190/

 

 

        本例是参考书本上的trait和policy的演绎过程。为什么我们需要trait和policy，怎样应用它。例子本来是一个简单的求和函数。为了提供更广泛可重用的代码，主要从一下两个方面进行了扩展和泛型化：

        1、如何得到一个合适的返回值？

        2、如何使这个求和函数能够以相似的形式提供求积功能，已经其他更多的功能？

 

        按照泛型编程思想，最后大概会演绎成下面所示的代码。但其实还有很多的细节需要考虑，以及需要更多的知识，包括泛型编程通用规则。由于时间关系，不能在此详述演绎过程，朋友们可以参考相关书籍/资料。

 

注：

        1、环境：vs2005+boost

 

#ifndef _TRAIT_H_ #define _TRAIT_H_ namespace redwolf { namespace base { template<typename T> class AccumulationTraits{}; template<typename T> class MulitTraits; template<> class AccumulationTraits<char> { public: typedef int AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 0; } }; template<> class AccumulationTraits<int> { public: typedef long AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 0; } }; template<> class AccumulationTraits<float> { public: typedef float AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 0.0; } }; template<> class MulitTraits<char> { public: typedef int AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 1; } }; template<> class MulitTraits<int> { public: typedef long AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 1; } }; template<> class MulitTraits<float> { public: typedef float AccT; static AccT zero(){ return 1.0; } }; class SumPolicy { public: template<typename T1, typename T2> static void accumlation(T1& total, const T2& value){ total+=value; } protected: private: }; class MulitPolicy { public: template<typename T1, typename T2> static void accumlation(T1& total, const T2& value){ total*=value; } protected: private: }; template< typename T, typename AT=AccumulationTraits<T>, typename PY=SumPolicy> class Accum { public: static typename AT::AccT accum(const T* _beg, const T* _end){ typedef typename AT::AccT AccT; AccT r=AT::zero(); while(_beg!=_end) { PY::accumlation(r, (*_beg)); ++_beg; } return r; } }; template<typename T>//现行C++标准不支持函数模板的形参缺省值 inline typename AccumulationTraits<T>::AccT accum(const T* _beg, const T* _end) { return Accum<T>::accum(_beg, _end); } template<typename T, typename Traits, typename Policy> inline typename Traits::AccT accum(const T* _beg, const T* _end){ return Accum<T, Traits, Policy>::accum(_beg, _end); } #define TRAIT_TEST #ifdef TRAIT_TEST void traittest0() { float f[5]={1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0}; int a[5]={1,2,3,4,5}; char name[]="templates"; int length=sizeof(name)-1; //Accum<int> a0; //Accum<char> a1; //Accum<float> a2; //Accum<float, AccumulationTraits<int> > a3; long sum0=0; int sum1=0; double sum2=0; long sum4=0; //sum0=a0.accum(a, a+5)/5; //sum1=a1.accum(name, name+length)/length; //sum2=a2.accum(f, f+5)/5; //sum4=a3.accum(f, f+5)/5; sum0=accum(a, a+5); sum1=accum(name, name+length); sum2=accum(f, f+5); (sum0=sum1=0,sum2=0); sum0=accum<int, AccumulationTraits<int>, SumPolicy >(a, a+5); sum1=accum<char, AccumulationTraits<char>, SumPolicy >(name, name+length); sum2=accum<float, AccumulationTraits<float>, SumPolicy >(f, f+5); (sum0=sum1=0,sum2=0); sum0=accum<int, MulitTraits<int>, MulitPolicy >(a, a+5); sum1=accum<char, MulitTraits<char>, MulitPolicy >(name, name+length);//结果越界 sum2=accum<float, MulitTraits<float>, MulitPolicy >(f, f+5); (sum0=sum1=0,sum2=0); sum0=accum<int, MulitTraits<int>, MulitPolicy>(a, a+5); sum1=accum<char, MulitTraits<char>, MulitPolicy >(name, name+length);//结果越界 sum2=accum<float, MulitTraits<float>, MulitPolicy >(f, f+5); } #endif }; }; #endif