AMPL A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming

 

What's AMPL?

AMPL is a comprehensive and powerful algebraic modeling language for linear and nonlinear optimization problems, in discrete or continuous variables.

Developed at Bell Laboratories, AMPL lets you use common notation and familiar concepts to formulate optimization models and examine solutions, while the computer manages communication with an appropriate solver.

AMPL's flexibility and convenience render it ideal for rapid prototyping and model development, while its speed and control options make it an especially efficient choice for repeated production runs.

 

SolverAlgorithm TypesVendor or
Download Site
Driver CodeDocumentation
ACRSNonlinear globalContact G. Liuzzi  
ALGENCANNonlinearSee the TANGO site  
BLMVMNonlinear
   bounded-variable
Download from the Toolkit for Advanced Optimization directives table
BonminInteger nonlinearSee the Bonmin homepage and
Getting Started with Bonmin
 Bonmin Users' Manual
BPMPDLinear (interior)Download from netlib/optmain.cREADME.bpmpd

directives table
CBCLinear (simplex)
Integer linear
See the CBC homepage CBC User Guide

directives guide
CONDORNonlinear
   nondifferentiable
See the Kranf Site  
CONOPTNonlinearBuy directly from us.
Write to
info@ampl.com for prices.
  
CPLEXLinear (simplex)
Linear (interior)
Network
Quadratic
Integer linear
Integer quadratic
ILOG, Inc.

Download student edition from netlib/ampl
cplex.c README.1st README.cplex

ILOG AMPL CPLEX System 10.0 User's Guide
DONLP2NonlinearDownload from the DONLP2 ftp site README.donlp2

DONLP2 short users guide and
directives table
FilMINTInteger nonlinearContact authors of FilMINT documentation Slides and Paper

FilMINT
directives tables
FILTER /
MINLP
Nonlinear
Integer nonlinear
Dundee solvers for MINLP/NLP/QP FILTER and MINLP
directives tables
FortMPLinear (simplex)
Linear (interior)
Quadratic
Integer linear
Integer quadratic
OptiRisk Systems directives table
FSQPNonlinearAEM Designfsqp.cREADME.fsqp
GRG2
LSGRG
Nonlinear
Integer nonlinear
Frontline Systems, Inc.  
IPOPTNonlinearSee the IPOPT homepage  
KNITRONonlinearBuy directly from us.
Write to
info@ampl.com for prices.
 directives table
LANCELOTNonlinearDownload from the LANCELOT sitelancelot.cREADME.lancelot

directives table
L-BFGS-BNonlinear
   bounded-variable
See the L-BFGS-B page directives table
LGONonlinear globalContact Pint閞 Consulting Services AMPL-LGO-readme.txt
LOQOLinear (interior)
Quadratic
Nonlinear
R.J. Vanderbei, Princeton Univ: LOQO homepage  directives table
LP_SOLVELinear (simplex)
Integer linear
See the  lp_solve homepageWindows
Linux
source code
README.lp_solve
GUIDE.lp_solve
MINLPInteger nonlinearsee entry for FILTER/MINLP  
MINOSLinear (simplex)
Nonlinear
Stanford Business Software, Inc.
(see also SOL Optimization Software)
m55.cREADME.1st
README.minos

Using AMPL/MINOS
MINTOLinear (simplex)
Integer linear
MINTO at COR@L directives table
MOSEKLinear (simplex)
Linear (interior)
Quadratic, nonlinear convex
Integer linear, integer quadratic
See the MOSEK homepage directives table
NPSOLNonlinearStanford Business Software, Inc.
(see also SOL Optimization Software)
npsol.cREADME.npsol
NSIPSNonlinear semi-infiniteSee the NSIPS homepage directives table
OOQPLinear
Quadratic convex
See the OOQP homepage  
PATHComplementarityCPNET, Computer Sciences Dept, Univ of Wisconsinpath.cREADME.path

directives table
PCxLinear (interior)NEOS Tools, Argonne National Laboratory  
PENNONNonlinearSee the PENNON homepage User's Guide (version 1.3)
SNOPTNonlinearStanford Business Software, Inc.
(see also SOL Optimization Software)
snopt.cREADME.snopt

directives table
SOPTLinear (simplex)
Quadratic
Nonlinear convex
Integer linear
SAITECH, Inc.  
TRONNonlinear
   bounded-variable
See the TRON homepage directives table
WSAT(OIP)Integer linear constraintsDownload from Joachim P. Walser  
XALinear (simplex)
Integer linear
Sunset Software Technology  
XLSOL
LS-XLSOL
Linear (simplex)
Quadratic
Integer linear
Frontline Systems, Inc.  
Xpress-MPLinear (simplex)
Linear (interior)
Quadratic
Integer linear
Dash Optimization  
 
深度学习是机器学习的一个子领域,它基于人工神经网络的研究,特别是利用多层次的神经网络来进行学习和模式识别。深度学习模型能够学习数据的高层次特征,这些特征对于图像和语音识别、自然语言处理、医学图像分析等应用至关重要。以下是深度学习的一些关键概念和组成部分: 1. **神经网络(Neural Networks)**:深度学习的基础是人工神经网络,它是由多个层组成的网络结构,包括输入层、隐藏层和输出层。每个层由多个神经元组成,神经元之间通过权重连接。 2. **前馈神经网络(Feedforward Neural Networks)**:这是最常见的神经网络类型,信息从输入层流向隐藏层,最终到达输出层。 3. **卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Networks, CNNs)**:这种网络特别适合处理具有网格结构的数据,如图像。它们使用卷积层来提取图像的特征。 4. **循环神经网络(Recurrent Neural Networks, RNNs)**:这种网络能够处理序列数据,如时间序列或自然语言,因为它们具有记忆功能,能够捕捉数据中的时间依赖性。 5. **长短期记忆网络(Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM)**:LSTM 是一种特殊的 RNN,它能够学习长期依赖关系,非常适合复杂的序列预测任务。 6. **生成对抗网络(Generative Adversarial Networks, GANs)**:由两个网络组成,一个生成器和一个判别器,它们相互竞争,生成器生成数据,判别器评估数据的真实性。 7. **深度学习框架**:如 TensorFlow、Keras、PyTorch 等,这些框架提供了构建、训练和部署深度学习模型的工具和库。 8. **激活函数(Activation Functions)**:如 ReLU、Sigmoid、Tanh 等,它们在神经网络中用于添加非线性,使得网络能够学习复杂的函数。 9. **损失函数(Loss Functions)**:用于评估模型的预测与真实值之间的差异,常见的损失函数包括均方误差(MSE)、交叉熵(Cross-Entropy)等。 10. **优化算法(Optimization Algorithms)**:如梯度下降(Gradient Descent)、随机梯度下降(SGD)、Adam 等,用于更新网络权重,以最小化损失函数。 11. **正则化(Regularization)**:技术如 Dropout、L1/L2 正则化等,用于防止模型过拟合。 12. **迁移学习(Transfer Learning)**:利用在一个任务上训练好的模型来提高另一个相关任务的性能。 深度学习在许多领域都取得了显著的成就,但它也面临着一些挑战,如对大量数据的依赖、模型的解释性差、计算资源消耗大等。研究人员正在不断探索新的方法来解决这些问题。
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