ElasticSearch学习日志 文档同义词搜索 IK配置

ES基于IK简单的文档同义词搜索配置

环境：
elasticsearch 6.4.3
kibana 6.4.3
ik分词器 6.4.3
注：三者版本要保持一致

1.创建基于ik分词器的索引

创建基于ik分词器的索引"syno"。
注：关于synonyms.txt(UTF-8编码格式)文档中同义词设置为：

西红柿,番茄 =>西红柿,番茄

创建方法：

PUT /syno
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards":10,
    "analysis": {
      "filter": {
        "my_synonym_filter": {
          "type": "synonym", 
          "synonyms_path" : "analysis/synonyms.txt"
        }
      },
      "analyzer": {
        "my_synonyms": {
          "type":"custom",
          "tokenizer": "ik_smart",
          "filter": [
            "lowercase",
            "my_synonym_filter" 
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2.映射配置，为相关字段配置类型和分析器

注：es 6.0版本后已不支持string类型，具体查看官方文档ElasticSearch映射配置官方文档中文版
为索引为"syno"，类型为"fruit"的文档进行mapping配置，
配置示例：（字段为"id",“name”,“detail”）

PUT /syno/_mapping/fruit
{
  
      "properties": {
         "id": {
         "type": "text",
         "store" : true
        },
        "name": {
         "type": "text",
         "index":"true",
         "analyzer": "my_synonyms",
         "search_analyzer": "my_synonyms"
        },
        "detail": { 
          "type": "text"
        }
      }
}

注：此处字段"name"类型为"text"，如果为"keyword"会配置失败报错。类型区别参见官方文档解释。ES-mapping官方文档英文版
报错信息如下：

{
  "error": {
    "root_cause": [
      {
        "type": "mapper_parsing_exception",
        "reason": "Mapping definition for [name] has unsupported parameters:  [analyzer : my_synonyms] [search_analyzer : my_synonyms]"
      }
    ],
    "type": "mapper_parsing_exception",
    "reason": "Mapping definition for [name] has unsupported parameters:  [analyzer : my_synonyms] [search_analyzer : my_synonyms]"
  },
  "status": 400
}

3.测试数据准备

为文档添加测试数据。
添加数据内容：

PUT /syno/fruit/1
{
  "id": "1",
  "name": "西红柿",
  "detail": "美味又好吃。"
}

4.用同义词搜索测试搜索结果

利用同义词来进行文档搜索，验证结果。
搜索内容：

GET /syno/fruit/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match" : {
            "name":"番茄"
        }
  }
}

搜索结果：

{
  "took": 2,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 10,
    "successful": 10,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.46029136,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "syno",
        "_type": "fruit",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.46029136,
        "_source": {
          "id": "1",
          "name": "西红柿",
          "detail": "美味又好吃。"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

利用IK分词器进行同义词搜索文档的简单操作，至此结束。