译（二十九）-Python按行读取文件并存进列表

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stackoverflow热门问题目录

如有翻译问题欢迎评论指出，谢谢。

目录

1. 如何按行读取文件并存进列表？

2. How to read a file line-by-line into a list?

如何按行读取文件并存进列表？

• Julie Raswick asked:

  • Python如何读取一个文件的每一行，并将其存进列表里？
  • 按行读取，然后追加到列表末尾。

• Answers:

  • SilentGhost – vote: 2450

  • 下面的代码可以读取文件至内存，并且移除每行的空白字符（换行符与空格）：

  • with open(filename) as file:
    
    lines = file.readlines()`
    
    lines = [line.rstrip() for line in lines]

• 如果是读取大文件，最后按行读取并处理：

• with open(filename) as file:
    for line in file:    
        print(line.rstrip())

• Python3.8可以用带海象运算符的while循环（译者注：:=长得像海象，所以这么叫，文档里说的）：

• with open(filename) as file:
   while (line := file.readline().rstrip()):    
       print(line)```

• 根据文件的处理需求与编码方式来设置不同的读取方式与编码方式：

• with open(filename, 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
   while (line := file.readline().rstrip()):  
       print(line)```

• Felix Kling – vote: 1108

• 见输入与输出

• with open('filename') as f:
   lines = f.readlines()```

• 或者去除换行符：

• with open('filename') as f:
    lines = [line.rstrip() for line in f]```

• robert – vote: 667

• 虽然这不简洁，但的确如要求一般：

• with open(file.txt) as file_in:
   lines = []  
   for line in file_in:    
       lines.append(line)```

• ---

  How to read a file line-by-line into a list?

  • Julie Raswick asked:

    • How do I read every line of a file in Python and store each line as an element in a list?
      Python如何读取一个文件的每一行，并将其存进列表里？
    • I want to read the file line by line and append each line to the end of the list.
      按行读取，然后追加到列表末尾。

  • Answers:

    • SilentGhost – vote: 2450

    • This code will read the entire file into memory and remove all whitespace characters (newlines and spaces) from the end of each line:
      下面的代码可以读取文件至内存，并且移除每行的空白字符（换行符与空格）：

    • with open(filename) as file:
        lines = file.readlines()`    
        lines = [line.rstrip() for line in lines]

    • If you\’re working with a large file, then you should instead read and process it line-by-line:
      如果是读取大文件，最后按行读取并处理：

    • with open(filename) as file:
        for line in file:    
            print(line.rstrip())

    • In Python 3.8 and up you can use a while loop with the walrus operator like so:
      Python3.8可以用带海象运算符的while循环（译者注：:=长得像海象，所以这么叫，文档里说的）：

    • with open(filename) as file:
       while (line := file.readline().rstrip()):    
           print(line)```

    • Depending on what you plan to do with your file and how it was encoded, you may also want to manually set the access mode and character encoding:
      根据文件的处理需求与编码方式来设置不同的读取方式与编码方式：

    • with open(filename, 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
       while (line := file.readline().rstrip()):  
           print(line)```

    • Felix Kling – vote: 1108

    • See Input and Ouput:
      见输入与输出

    • with open('filename') as f:
       lines = f.readlines()```

    • or with stripping the newline character:
      或者去除换行符：

    • with open('filename') as f:
        lines = [line.rstrip() for line in f]```

    • robert – vote: 667

    • This is more explicit than necessary, but does what you want.
      虽然这不简洁，但的确如要求一般：

    • with open(file.txt) as file_in:
       lines = []  
       for line in file_in:    
           lines.append(line)```