关于android的服务与一个例子

1.服务(Service)简介

Android的四大组件之一，其分类还是蛮多的，生命周期也与Activity的相近，还有与Thread的区别，有人已经做了很好的总结，大家不妨看下这个blog。

点击打开链接 

2.例子

这里介绍一种服务--通知中心通知，这种服务很常见，包括图标，标题，内容，时间这些信息，其特性是：做着自己的事儿，可供多个Activity控制。

2.1 MyService.java

public class MyService extends Service {
	
	private final static String TAG = MyService.class.getSimpleName();
	private NotificationManager notificationMgr;	// 通知中心
	private boolean canRun = true;
	private IBinder binder = new MyBinder();	// 用于和外界交互
	private int notifyId = 0x222;

	public class MyBinder extends Binder {  
        MyService getService() {  
            return MyService.this;  
        }  
    }
	
	@Override
	public void onCreate() {
		Thread thread = new Thread(null, new ServiceRunnable(), "BackgroundService");
		thread.start();
		super.onCreate();
	}
	
	@Override
	public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
		Log.d(TAG, String.format("onBind, intent = %s", intent.toString()));
		notificationMgr = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		displayNotificationMessage("服务已启动：onBind");
		
		return binder;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
		Log.d(TAG, "start action = " + intent.getAction());
		notificationMgr = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		displayNotificationMessage("服务已启动：onStartCommand");     
		return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void onDestroy() {
		stopForeground(true);
		canRun =false;
		super.onDestroy();
	}
	
	//为服务设置图标和文字描述  
    private void displayNotificationMessage(String message) {     
        Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.ic_launcher, message, System.currentTimeMillis());     
        PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MainActivity.class), 0);     
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "我的通知", message, contentIntent);     
        notificationMgr.notify(++notifyId, notification);    
    }

	//ServiceWorker service自身的线程，用于做自己的事情，这里为了表示服务的确在运行，每2秒打印一次log信息。  
    class ServiceRunnable implements Runnable {   
        int counter = 0;  
        @Override    
        public void run() {     
            // do background processing here.....     
            while(canRun) {  
                Log.d(TAG, "counter:"+counter);  
                counter ++;  
                try {  
                    Thread.sleep(2000);  
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }  
        }     
    }
}

2.2 MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private MyService myService;
	
	private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
		
		@Override
		public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			MyBinder myBinder = (MyBinder) service;
			myService = myBinder.getService();
		}
	};
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);	
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		
		Intent intentService = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
		intentService.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
		intentService.setAction("dontes");
		
		MainActivity.this.bindService(intentService, serviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
		startService(intentService);
	}
	
}

在MainAcitvity中使用了该服务，当然，不要忘了在AndroidManifest.xml中注册该Service.

<service android:name="com.servicetest.main.MyService" >
            
</service>