1,setter注入(最重要)
首先是一个model实体:
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
public class UserService {
private UserDAO userDAO ;
public void add(User user) {
userDAO.save(user);
}
// public UserDAO getUserDAO() {
// return userDAO;
// }
public void setUserDAO(UserDAO userDAO) {//给成员属性userdao加set方法
this.userDAO = userDAO;
}
}
定义dao的接口:
public interface UserDAO {
public void save(User user);
}
接口的实现:
public void save(User user) {
System.out.println("user saved!");
}
配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="u" class="com.syyz.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.syyz.service.UserService">
<property name="userDAO" ref="u" /><!--这边直接用ref,可以不用再重新创建bean-->
</bean>
</beans>
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.bjsxt.model.User;
public class UserServiceTest {
@Test
public void testAdd() throws Exception {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserService service = (UserService)ctx.getBean("userService");
User u = new User();
u.setUsername("zhangsan");
u.setPassword("zhangsan");
service.add(u);
}
}
构造注入:(不常用)
只有两个地方不同:
service层:
public class UserService {
private UserDAO userDAO;
public void add(User user) {
userDAO.save(user);
}
// public UserDAO getUserDAO() {
// return userDAO;
// }
// public void setUserDAO(UserDAO userDAO) {
// this.userDAO = userDAO;
// }
//这里加一个userDao这个成员属性的构造函数
public UserService(UserDAO userDAO) {
super();
this.userDAO = userDAO;
}
}
配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="u" class="com.syyz.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.syyz.service.UserService">
<!--
<property name="userDAO" ref="u" />
-->
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="u"/>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>
接口注入:(基本不用)
仔细看看文档,这种方法主要是用在Singleton的Object中使用非Singleton的Bean时,通过lookup-method的那个方法来取得非Singleton的Bean。一般用的不多,在用这种定义之前最好想明白你的需求。
· 先建立一个包:javamxj.spring.basic.lookup ,然后把以下5个文件放在这个包下。
Hello.java. |
package javamxj.spring.basic.lookup; public interface Hello { public Random getRandom(); public abstract Random createRandom(); } |
Random.java |
package javamxj.spring.basic.lookup; public class Random { private int i = (int) (100 * Math.random()); public void printRandom() { System.out.println("输出随机整数: " + i); } } |
HelloAbstract.java |
package javamxj.spring.basic.lookup; public abstract class HelloAbstract implements Hello { private Random random; public Random getRandom() { return random; } public void setRandom(Random random) { this.random = random; } public abstract Random createRandom(); } |
beans.xml |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN""http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="ran" class="javamxj.spring.basic.lookup.Random"singleton="false"/> <bean id="hello"class="javamxj.spring.basic.lookup.HelloAbstract"> <lookup-method name="createRandom" bean="ran"/> <property name="random"> <ref local="ran"/> </property> </bean> </beans> |
Main.java |
package
javamxj
.
spring
.
basic
.
lookup
;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . BeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . xml . XmlBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . core . io . ClassPathResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . Resource ;
public class Main {
public static void main( String[] args) {
Resource res = new ClassPathResource( "javamxj/spring/basic/lookup/beans.xml");
BeanFactory ft = new XmlBeanFactory(res);
Hello h = (Hello) ft.getBean( "hello");
Random r1 = h.getRandom();
Random r2 = h.getRandom();
System.out.println( "没有采用Lookup方法注入:");
System.out.println( "Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:"+ (r1 == r2));
r1.printRandom();
r2.printRandom();
Random r3 = h.createRandom();
Random r4 = h.createRandom();
System.out.println( " /n 采用Lookup方法注入:");
System.out.println( "Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:"+ (r3 == r4));
r3.printRandom();
r4.printRandom();
}
}
import org . springframework . beans . factory . BeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . beans . factory . xml . XmlBeanFactory ;
import org . springframework . core . io . ClassPathResource ;
import org . springframework . core . io . Resource ;
public class Main {
public static void main( String[] args) {
Resource res = new ClassPathResource( "javamxj/spring/basic/lookup/beans.xml");
BeanFactory ft = new XmlBeanFactory(res);
Hello h = (Hello) ft.getBean( "hello");
Random r1 = h.getRandom();
Random r2 = h.getRandom();
System.out.println( "没有采用Lookup方法注入:");
System.out.println( "Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:"+ (r1 == r2));
r1.printRandom();
r2.printRandom();
Random r3 = h.createRandom();
Random r4 = h.createRandom();
System.out.println( " /n 采用Lookup方法注入:");
System.out.println( "Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:"+ (r3 == r4));
r3.printRandom();
r4.printRandom();
}
}
简单说明一下:
· Hello是一个接口类,实现面向接口编程。
· Random类用来输出随机整数。
· HelloAbstract是一个抽象类,包含了一个属性:random,还包含一个抽象方法createRandom(),如果这个方法不是抽象的,spring会重写已有的实现。
· beans.xml中定义了两个bean,ran指向Rondom类,注意它不是singleton的;hello指向HelloAbstract类,其中的random属性指向ran,createRandom方法也指向ran。
· 在Main类中,Hello类分别利用getRandom()和createRandom()方法来调用Random类。
· 这次需要将 spring-framework主目录/lib/cglib 目录中的cglib-nodep-2.1_2.jar加入到项目的 Libraries中,使用其中的动态代理。
运行结果:
没有采用Lookup方法注入:
Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:true
输出随机整数: 98
输出随机整数: 98
Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:true
输出随机整数: 98
输出随机整数: 98
采用Lookup方法注入:
Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:false
输出随机整数: 51
输出随机整数: 26
Random 的两个实例指向同一个引用:false
输出随机整数: 51
输出随机整数: 26