旅游网小案例:Servlet优化和提取代码

目的

• 减少Servlet的数量,现在是一个功能一个Servlet,将其优化为一个模块一个Servlet,相当在数据库中一张表对应一个Servlet，在Servlet中提供不同的方法，完成用户的请求。

分析

• 如果存在控制台中文乱码
  

代码实现

• BaseServlet

public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    /**
     * 重写service方法
     * @param req
     * @param resp
     * @throws ServletException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //进行方法分发
        //获取请求路径
        //  /travel/user/add
        String uri = req.getRequestURI();

        //获取方法名称
        //  add
        String methodName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
        //获取方法对象Method
        try {
            //忽略范围权限修饰符,获取方法
            Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            //暴力反射(不使用)
//            method.setAccessible(true);
            //执行方法
            method.invoke(this, req, resp);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 直接将传入的对象序列化为json,并且写回客户端
     *
     * @param obj 转换对象
     */
    public void writeValue(Object obj, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), obj);
    }

    /**
     * 将传入的对象序列化为json ,返回
     *
     * @param obj 转换对象
     * @return 转换成功的json格式的字符串
     * @throws JsonProcessingException
     */
    public String writeValueAsString(Object obj) throws JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        return mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
    }
}

不使用暴力反射,主要是对Servlet的私有方法进行保护.直接将要调用的方法的访问修饰符都改为public.

将所有Servlet中存在大量重复序列化Json,Object转换Json格式方法,进行提取到BaseServlet中.

• 将所有的Servlet进行改写

例:UserServlet改写

• 原功能Servlet

@WebServlet("/findUserServlet")
public class FindUserServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //从sessoin中获取登录用户
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        Object user = session.getAttribute("user");
        //将user写回客户端
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(), user);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

原Servlet中功能单一,并且存在大量重复代码.冗余过高

• 重写入UserServlet

@WebServlet("/user/*")
public class UserServlet extends BaseServlet {
  /**
    * 声明UserService业务对象
    */
   private UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
    
  /**
     * 查询登录用户
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void findOne(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        //从session中获取登录用户
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        Object user = session.getAttribute("user");
        //将user写回客户端
        writeValue(user, response);
		//ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		//response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
		//mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(), user);
	    }
}

修改后Servlet使用方法名表示访问路径名,该功能访问的路径为 http://localhost:80/travel/findOne
已经初步类似框架技术.