(一) Spring学习笔记之三种方式声明bean

一.使用注解@Configuration

1.创建实体Author.class：

public class Author {
  private String firstName;
  private String lastName;

  public Author() {
      super();
      // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
      System.out.println("Author constructor");
  }
//省略 setter, getter
}

 

2.创建配置AppConfig.class：

@Configuration//告诉ApplicationContext这个类定义了bean
public class AppConfig {
    @Bean
    public Author author1() {
        return new Author();
    }
}

 

3.创建Main.class，读取配置：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);//读取AppConfig
        Author author = (Author) context.getBean("author1");//获取方法名为author1的bean

        System.out.println(author);
    }
}

 

4.控制台输出：

Author constructor

说明在初始化的时候spring读取配置并调用@bean注解的方法author1，返回new Author并创建了实体Author，在构造函数处打印输出

 

5.源码地址：https://github.com/Jamie956/simpleSpring/tree/master/01-configBean

 

二.使用XML

1.创建实体Employee.class：

public class Employee {
    private String name;    

    public void displayName() {
        System.out.println(name);
    }

//省略setter, getter
}

 

2.创建配置文件beans.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">

    <bean id="employee" class="com.example.Employee">
        <property name="name" value="test spring"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

id：当我们读取beans.xml时，就是靠id来找到这个bean

class：就是这个bean代表的实体

property：给这个bean的name变量赋值“test spring”

 

3.创建Main.class读取配置：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");//读取beans.xml
        Employee employee = (Employee) context.getBean("employee");//获取id为employee的bean
        employee.displayName();//调用employee的方法
    }
}

 

4.控制台输出：

test spring

 

5.源码地址：https://github.com/Jamie956/simpleSpring/tree/master/01-xmlBean

 

三.使用注解@Component

1.创建实体Author.class：

@Component//能让applicationcontext扫描到
public class Author {
    private String firstName = "Steven";
    private String lastName = "King";

//省略setter, getter
}

 

2.读取配置：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        context.scan("com.example");//扫描com.example包下包含@component注解的类
        context.refresh();
            
        Author author = context.getBean(Author.class);
        System.out.println(author);
    }
}

 

3.控制输出：

com.example.entity.Author@4e7dc304

说明Author已经创建

 

源码地址： https://github.com/Jamie956/simpleSpring/tree/master/01-annotationBean

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jamie956/p/9017145.html