ABOUT THIS VIDEO
Within an Autonomous System, routing protocols dynamically determine the best way for networks within that system to communicate with each other.
在自治系统中，路由协议动态地确定该系统中的网络彼此通信的最佳方式。
>> Entities like RIT registered for and received their own ASN, Autonomous System Number.
>>实体，如RIT，注册并接收自己的ASN，自治系统号。
They became autonomous systems of their own, independent of ISPs.
它们成为独立于isp的自主系统。
This allowed them to maintain routing tables and exchange routing information with multiple ISPs.
这允许他们维护路由表并与多个isp交换路由信息。
As traffic is ready to leave the autonomous system, the routers decide which ISP
and which ISP connection to send the traffic to for the most efficient packet delivery.
当流量准备离开自主系统时，路由器决定将流量发送到哪个ISP和哪个ISP连接，以获得最有效的数据包传递。
At home, we don't have to exchange any information about networks with our ISP.
在国内，我们不需要与ISP交换任何有关网络的信息。
There is a default route in our router that basically says any traffic for anywhere
but my local home network, send it to the ISPs router.
在我们的路由器中有一个默认的路由，基本上是说除了我的本地家庭网络以外的任何地方的任何流量，都可以发送到ISPs路由器。
Why would we want the overhead of exchanging routes?
为什么我们想要交换路由的开销呢?
If the connection to our ISP goes down,
we're not sending any communication off our network anyway.
如果与ISP的连接中断，我们也不会从网络上发送任何通信。
Besides, our home routers don't have the memory or processing power for 750,000 routes.
此外，我们的家庭路由器没有75万条路由的内存或处理能力。
However, inside a company, within an autonomous system, there needs to be a dynamic way
in which the routers can exchange information about the internal networks as well as how
to get to the company's edge router that connects to the ISP
for packets destined for an external network.
然而，在一个公司内部，在一个自治的系统中，需要有一种动态的方式，让路由器能够交换关于内部网络的信息，以及如何到达公司的边缘路由器，该路由器连接到ISP，用于发送到外部网络的数据包。
This is where routing protocols come into play.
这就是路由协议发挥作用的地方。
An IGP, Interior Gateway protocol, is a routing protocol that allows routers
within an autonomous system to communicate with each other.
内部网关协议IGP是一种路由协议，它允许自治系统中的路由器彼此通信。
Sharing information about the networks they're directly or indirectly connected to.
分享他们直接或间接连接的网络的信息。
After these messages are passed between the routers, each router forms an idea
of the topology and determines the best way to get to it a destination network.
在这些消息在路由器之间传递之后，每个路由器都会形成一个拓扑的概念，并确定将其传递到目标网络的最佳方式。
Metrics are values that the routers use to determine the best way to get
to a destination network when there are multiple paths available.
指标是当有多条可用路径时，路由器用来确定到达目标网络的最佳方式的值。
Nowadays, the two main IGPs are OSPF, Open Shortest Path First and Cisco's EIGRP,
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol.
目前，两种主要的igp是OSPF(开放最短路径优先)和Cisco的EIGRP(增强的内部网关路由协议)。
The main metric used by OSPF and EIGRP to determine the best way to get
to a destination network is bandwidth although they calculate this metric very differently.
OSPF和EIGRP用于确定到达目标网络的最佳方式的主要度量是带宽，尽管它们计算这个度量的方法非常不同。
Using OSPF or EIGRP, a router might choose a path to a destination network with more hops
over a path with fewer hops based on the bandwidth.
使用OSPF或EIGRP，路由器可以根据带宽选择一个跳数较多的路径，而不是跳数较少的路径。
Sending a packet over a greater number of links is preferred if those links
and their bandwidth can get the packet
to its destination quicker than a smaller number of links.
如果这些链路及其带宽能够比较少的链路更快地将数据包送到目的地，则首选通过较多的链路发送数据包。
We make these decisions all the time ourselves.
我们总是自己做这些决定。
Sometimes I'd rather drive more miles on the highway to get somewhere quicker than less miles
on local streets with fewer lanes, traffic lights, and a lower speed limit.
有时候，我宁愿在高速公路上多跑几英里，也不愿在车道少、交通灯少、限速低的街道上少跑几英里。
An EGP, Exterior Gateway Protocol, is a routing protocol that allows routers
from different autonomous systems to communicate with each other
and exchange routing information.
外部网关协议EGP是一种路由协议，它允许来自不同自治系统的路由器彼此通信并交换路由信息。
The only EGP in usage today, which is used
across the entire Internet, is BGP, Border Gateway Protocol
目前唯一使用的EGP是边界网关协议BGP，它被用于整个Internet
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