做点记录和总结吧，关于js中数组的函数方法

1 length:长度

<script>
 var arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8];
    console.log(arr.length);//arr.length = 8;
    arr.length = 5;//给定数组长度;
    console.log(arr);//arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    delete arr[2];//删除arr[2],数组长度不变;
    console.log(arr);//arr = [1, 2, empty, 4, 5];
    console.log(typeof(arr[2]));//undefined;
    console.log(arr.length);
</script>

2 pop,push:方法，把数组相当于一个栈

push(x):向数组尾部压入x，并返回新数组的长度

pop():从尾部弹出一个元素，并返回弹出的元素

  <script>
    var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    var number = arr.push(7);//arr.push(9) 相当于 arr[arr.length] = 7;
    console.log(arr);//arr = [1,2,3,4,5,7]
    console.log(number);//6
    var num = arr.pop();
    console.log(arr);// arr = [1,2,3,4,5]
    console.log(num);//7
  </script>

3 unshift 和 shift 方法，把数组相当于一个队列

unshift(x):向数组头部插入x,并返回数组长度

shift():从头部弹出一个元素，并返回弹出的元素

  <script>
    var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    var number = arr.unshift(9);
    console.log(arr);// arr = [9,1,2,3,4,5];
    console.log(number);// 6
    var num = arr.shift();
    console.log(arr);// arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    console.log(num);//9
  </script>

4 slice 和 splice 方法

slice(x,y):返回数组[x,y),索引位置的片段，左从0开始，右从-1开始，不影响原数组

splice(x,y,[.....]):x:删除的起始位置，y删除的个数（没有y的话，删除起始点开始所有），[...]为要插入数组的所有参数;splice方法改变原数组

 <script>
    var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    console.log(arr.slice(1,3));//[2, 3]
    console.log(arr);// [1,2,3,4,5]
    console.log(arr.slice(1));//[2, 3, 4, 5]
    console.log(arr.length);//5
    console.log(arr.slice(0,-1));//[1, 2, 3, 4]
    var arr1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
    console.log(arr1.splice(1,2));//[2, 3]
    console.log(arr1);//[1, 4, 5, 6]
    console.log(arr1.splice(0));//[1, 4, 5, 6]
    console.log(arr1);//[]
    arr1 = [1,6]
    console.log(arr1.splice(0,1,1,2,3,'4','5'));//[1]
    console.log(arr1);//[1, 2, 3, "4", "5", 6]
  </script>

5 join 方法，把数组变为一个字符串（用指定分割符划分）//相反于string.split()方法，它把字符串变为数组

join("x"):将一个数组用x分割符生成一个字符串，join()默认分割符为","，不改变原数组；

<script>
    var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    console.log(arr.join());//1,2,3,4,5
    console.log(typeof(arr.join()));//string
    console.log(arr.join("-"));//1-2-3-4-5
    console.log(arr.join(""));//12345
    console.log(arr);//[1,2,3,4,5]
</script>

6 sort 和 reverse 方法

reverse():在原数组操作，并把元素颠倒，改变原数组

sort(x):不传x：对原数组按字母表顺序排列，undefined排在最后；传x:x一般为一个比较函数，用比较函数的返回值来判定排序，改变原数组

<script>
    var arr = [1,3,2,4,5];
    console.log(arr.reverse());//[5, 4, 2, 3, 1]
    console.log(arr);//改变原数组,arr = [5, 4, 2, 3, 1]
    var arr1 = [4,3,2,undefined,1];
    console.log(arr1.sort());//[1, 2, 3, 4, undefined]
    console.log(arr1);//arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, undefined]
    var arr2 = [11,13,12];
    function flag(a,b){return b-a};//a为sort后最小的值，b为sort后最大的值;
    console.log(arr2.sort(flag));//逆序排列，arr2 = [13, 12, 11];
</script>

 7 concat 方法

arr.concat(x): 将数组arr中的元素和参数x进行连接并返回连接后的数组，不会影响原先的arr数组

  <script>
    var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
    console.log(arr.concat(1,'2',3,[4,5],[6,[7,8]]));//[1,2,3,4,5,1,'2',3,4,5,6,[7,8]]
    console.log(arr);//[1,2,3,4,5]
  </script>

有问题欢饮大家指出，其它的待后续补充.....

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Zxq-zn/p/11469824.html