这个可视化程序增加了设定汉诺塔盘子数与设定移动速度的按钮。 以下是源代码:
"""
汉诺塔演示程序.py
本程序需要sprites模块支持,请用cmd命令打开管理员窗口并且输入以下进行安装:
pip install sprites
"""
import time
from sprites import Sprite ,Screen,txt2image
__author__ = '李兴球'
__date__ = '2021/12/1'
__blog__ = 'www.lixingqiu.com'
N = 2 # n个盘子
SPEED = 5 # 全局速度
stack = []
def _custom_setup(self,p=[]):
if p:
self.speed(0)
self.stackid = 0
self.shapesize(1,p[0])
self.color('brown','blue')
Sprite.custom_setup = _custom_setup
def _rise(self):
"""上升"""
while self.ycor() < 240:self.addy(0.1*SPEED)
self.wait(0.2*(1/SPEED))
Sprite.rise = _rise
def _fall(self):
"""下降"""
if stack[self.stackid]:
pz = stack[self.stackid][-1] # 即将下落的stack的最上面的盘子的y坐标
y = pz.ycor()
else:
y = -20
while self.ycor() > y+20: self.addy(-0.1 * SPEED)
Sprite.fall = _fall
class Stack(list):
"""装盘子的"""
def __init__(self, values=[],x=0,y=0):
list.__init__([])
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.extend(values)
for pz in values: # 每一个盘子
pz.goto(x,y)
y = y + 20
pz.show()
def hanota(n,a,b,c):
"""把n个盘子从a经过b移到c"""
if n>1:
hanota(n-1,a,c,b)
hanota(1,a,b,c)
hanota(n-1,b,a,c)
else:
print(a,'->',c)
plate = stack[a].pop()
plate.rise() # 盘子升起
plate.stackid = c # 修改盘子所在的stack的id
plate.slide(stack[c].x,delay=2000*(1/SPEED)) # 设定盘子到所在的stack同一x坐标,平移时y坐标不变
plate.setx(stack[c].x) # 校准坐标
plate.wait(0.2*(1/SPEED))
plate.fall() # 盘子下落
stack[c].append(plate) # 把盘子装在编号为c的stack里
def make_plates(n):
"""制作n个盘子放到列表中,不要太多了!!!"""
plates = []
for length in range(1,n+1):
p = Sprite(shape='square',visible=False)
p.custom_setup([length])
plates.insert(0,p) # 要让前面的盘子更大所以用插入0号索引
return plates
def destory_plates(N):
global stack
if len(stack)==0:return
for pz in stack[2]: pz.kill()
stack = []
def draw_line():
# 画一根横线和三根竖线
dummy = Sprite(visible=False)
dummy.pensize(2)
dummy.color('gray')
dummy.sety(-10)
dummy.pendown()
dummy.bk(300)
dummy.fd(600)
dummy.bk(150)
dummy.left(90)
dummy.fd(220) # 升220
dummy.bk(220) # 降220
dummy.left(90)
dummy.fd(150)
dummy.right(90)
dummy.fd(220)
dummy.bk(220)
dummy.left(90)
dummy.fd(150)
dummy.right(90)
dummy.fd(220)
def panzi_zenjia(x,y,pz_n):
global N
N = N + 1
N = min(10,N)
pz_n.clear()
pz_n.write(N,font=('',16,'normal'))
def panzi_jianshao(x,y,pz_n):
global N
N = N - 1
N = max(1,N)
pz_n.clear()
pz_n.write(N,font=('',16,'normal'))
def sd_zenjia(x,y,sd_n):
global SPEED
SPEED = SPEED + 1
SPEED = min(20,SPEED)
sd_n.clear()
sd_n.write(SPEED,font=('',16,'normal'))
def sd_jianshao(x,y,sd_n):
global SPEED
SPEED = SPEED - 1
SPEED = max(1,SPEED)
sd_n.clear()
sd_n.write(SPEED,font=('',16,'normal'))
def display_operation():
pz_w = Sprite(visible=False,pos=(-200,-100))
pz_w.write('盘子数:')
pz_n = Sprite(visible=False,pos=(-130,-100))
pz_n.write(N,font=('',16,'normal'))
txt2image('增加','res/zj.png')
pz_add = Sprite(shape='res/zj.png',pos=(-80,-90))
pz_add.onclick(lambda x,y:panzi_zenjia(x,y,pz_n))
txt2image('减少','res/js.png')
pz_sub = Sprite(shape='res/js.png',pos=(-30,-90))
pz_sub.onclick(lambda x,y:panzi_jianshao(x,y,pz_n))
sd = Sprite(visible=False,pos=(-220,-150))
sd.write('全局速度:')
sd_n = Sprite(visible=False,pos=(-130,-150))
sd_n.write(SPEED,font=('',16,'normal'))
txt2image('增加','res/zjsd.png')
sd_add = Sprite(shape='res/zjsd.png',pos=(-80,-140))
sd_add.onclick(lambda x,y:sd_zenjia(x,y,sd_n))
txt2image('减少','res/jssd.png')
sd_sub = Sprite(shape='res/jssd.png',pos=(-30,-140))
sd_sub.onclick(lambda x,y:sd_jianshao(x,y,sd_n))
txt2image('开始演示','res/begin0.png',fontsize=30)
txt2image('演 示 中...','res/begin1.png',fontsize=30,color=(128,127,122))
begin_button = Sprite(shape=['res/begin0.png','res/begin1.png'],pos=(-100,-200))
addsubbiao = [pz_add,pz_sub,sd_add,sd_sub]
begin_button.onclick(lambda x,y:start_demo(x,y,begin_button,addsubbiao))
def start_demo(x,y,begin_button,addsubbiao):
global stack
[b.hide() for b in addsubbiao]
begin_button.onclick(None)
begin_button.shape('res/begin1.png')
destory_plates(N) # 销毁以前的stack3中的N个盘子
plates = make_plates(N)
stack1 = Stack(plates,-150) # 最左边的stack有n个盘子,最下面的是最长的
stack2 = Stack([])
stack3 = Stack([],150)
stack.extend([stack1,stack2,stack3])
begin_button.wait(2)
hanota(N,0,1,2) # 0,1,2,分别表示3个stack的索引号
begin_button.shape('res/begin0.png')
begin_button.onclick(lambda x,y:start_demo(x,y,begin_button,addsubbiao)) # 重新绑定,可以开始单击了
[b.show() for b in addsubbiao]
def main():
w = Sprite(visible=False,pos=(0,250))
w.write("汉诺塔演示程序",align='center',font=('楷体',22,'underline'))
draw_line() # 画线条
display_operation()
w.screen.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()