UVa 340 Master-Mind Hints

Master-Mind Hints

MasterMind is a game for two players. One of them, Designer, selects a secret code. The other, Breaker, tries to break it. A code is no more than a row of colored dots. At the beginning of a game, the players agree upon the length N that a code must have and upon the colors that may occur in a code.

In order to break the code, Breaker makes a number of guesses, each guess itself being a code. After each guess Designer gives a hint, stating to what extent the guess matches his secret code.

In this problem you will be given a secret code  and a guess  , and are to determine the hint. A hint consists of a pair of numbers determined as follows.

A match is a pair (i,j),  and  , such that  . Match (i,j) is called strong when i = j, and is called weak otherwise. Two matches (i,j) and (p,q) are called independent when i = p if and only if j = q. A set of matches is called independent when all of its members are pairwise independent.

Designer chooses an independent set M of matches for which the total number of matches and the number of strong matches are both maximal. The hint then consists of the number of strong followed by the number of weak matches in M. Note that these numbers are uniquely determined by the secret code and the guess. If the hint turns out to be (n,0), then the guess is identical to the secret code.

input

The input will consist of data for a number of games. The input for each game begins with an integer specifying N (the length of the code). Following these will be the secret code, represented as N integers, which we will limit to the range 1 to 9. There will then follow an arbitrary number of guesses, each also represented as N integers, each in the range 1 to 9. Following the last guess in each game will be N zeroes; these zeroes are not to be considered as a guess.

Following the data for the first game will appear data for the second game (if any) beginning with a new value for N. The last game in the input will be followed by a single zero (when a value for N would normally be specified). The maximum value for N will be 1000.

output

The output for each game should list the hints that would be generated for each guess, in order, one hint per line. Each hint should be represented as a pair of integers enclosed in parentheses and separated by a comma. The entire list of hints for each game should be prefixed by a heading indicating the game number; games are numbered sequentially starting with 1. Look at the samples below for the exact format.

sample input

4
1 3 5 5
1 1 2 3
4 3 3 5
6 5 5 1
6 1 3 5
1 3 5 5
0 0 0 0
10
1 2 2 2 4 5 6 6 6 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
1 2 1 3 1 5 1 6 1 9
1 2 2 5 5 5 6 6 6 7
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

sample input

Game 1:
    (1,1)
    (2,0)
    (1,2)
    (1,2)
    (4,0)
Game 2:
    (2,4)
    (3,2)
    (5,0)
    (7,0)

题意：

The input for each game begins with an integer specifying N (the length of the code). 

输入n，secret code和guess的长度。

A match is a pair (i,j),  and  , such that  . Match (i,j) is called strong when i = j, and is called weak otherwise. 

如果s[i]=g[i]，称为strong，s[i]=g[j]，其中i！=g，称为weak，优先计算strong；（匹配过后数字就作废了，观察Game 2的第一个输出
）

Designer chooses an independent set M of matches for which the total number of matches and the number of strong matches are both maximal. The hint then consists of the number of strong followed by the number of weak matches in M. 

用数集M（a，b），输出作为线索，a为strong情况次数，b为weak情况次数。

题解思路：

用两个数组分别记录code和guess每个数字出现的次数，如果有strong情况，则对应数字计数减一。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
    int code[1000], guess[1000];
    int a[15], b[15], c[15];
    int cas = 0,n;
    int i, strong, weak;

    while(scanf("%d",&n),n)             //输入 n，n为0时结束程序
    {
        memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));
        for(i = 0; i < n; i++)          //输入code ，分别记录code中1-9出现的次数
        {
            scanf("%d",&code[i]);
            c[code[i]]++;
        }
        printf("Game %d:\n", ++cas);
        while(1)
        {
            strong = weak = 0;
            memcpy(a,c,sizeof(c));       //复制c到a
            memset(b,0,sizeof(b));
            for(i = 0; i < n; i++)       //输入guess ，分别记录guess中1-9出现的次数
            {
                scanf("%d",&guess[i]);
                b[guess[i]]++;
            }
            if(!guess[0])               //如果guess中输入含有数字0，退出循环
                break;
            for(i = 0;i < n; i++)
            {
                if(code[i] == guess[i]) //strong情况出现，对应数字出现次数减一
                {
                    a[code[i]]--;
                    b[code[i]]--;
                    strong++;
                }
            }
            for(i = 1; i <= 9; i++)
            {
                weak += a[i] > b[i] ? b[i] : a[i];
            }
            printf("    (%d,%d)\n", strong, weak);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}