前面两篇介绍了两个非常简单的排序算法，本篇介绍排序算法的一个简单应用——对大乐透随机号码进行排序。
由于工作中涉及很多前端的开发，所以对前端技术有一定了解，前端的一个好处是可以直观地看到页面的布局。每次下班回家的路上总会路过一家彩票代售点，偶尔和同事一起去买几注机选的，所谓机选，其实就是机器随机生成的号码，而且是已经排序好的随机号码。于是就萌生了写一个大乐透号码生成器的小工具，下面对这个小工具简单介绍。
这个“大乐透号码生成器”纯前端开发，涉及HTML、JS、CSS。为了简单起见，把所有代码写到了一个html文件中，这样的好处就是可以直接用浏览器打开这个文件，当然实际工作中最好把他们放在不同的文件。整个区域放在一个大的div标签中，表现为一个矩形区域，并通过JS控制显示的位置；设置一个下拉列表，可以选择生成1-5组随机号码，当点击按钮后，就能生成相应组数的号码；号码区域分两部分，上面部分是随机生成的无序的号码，下面部分是对这些无序号码进行排序后的号码，生成组数受上面下拉列表控制。这个工具的核心是生成随机号码和对随机号码进行排序，这两步都是通过JS代码实现的。下面介绍一些重要的JS代码。
生成随机号码：大乐透分前区号码和后区号码，前区号码是从01-35中无重复地取5个号码，后区号码是从01-12中无重复地取2个号码，组成一组7位的号码。这里定义了两个数组：arr35存放前区的01-35号码，arr12存放后区的01-12号码。通过“temp = Math.floor(Math.random()*arr35.length)”方法从0-arr35.length取一个随机数作为索引，通过arr35[temp]即可获取数组中该索引位置的值，也就是随机号码，然后通过获取id动态添加到排序前的span中。取完以后通过“arr35.splice(temp,1);”即可删除数组中该随机数，同时使数组长度减一。循环5次即可从01-35中无重复地取5个随机号码，后面两位同样如此。
var arr35 = ["01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17", "18","19","20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","30","31","32","33","34","35"]; var arr12 = ["01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"]; var span = ""; var temp = ""; for(var i=1;i<6;i++){ span = "span" + x + i; temp = Math.floor(Math.random()*arr35.length);//随机取一个数 document.getElementById(span).innerText = arr35[temp]; document.getElementById(span).style.backgroundColor = "red"; arr35.splice(temp,1);//删除该位置的值 }
随机号码排序：这里用到了插入排序算法，只是对每组号码的前五位进行排序，数据量很小，排序完之后通过获取id动态添加到排序后的span中。有关插入排序算法，请见：http://www.cnblogs.com/Y-oung/p/7745197.html。
//插入排序 function bubbleSort(array){ var len = array.length; for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) { for (var j = i; j > 0 && array[j]<array[j-1]; j--) { var swap = array[j]; //第二个for循环使元素比较并移动到合适位置 array[j] = array[j-1]; array[j-1] = swap; } } return array; }
其余的JS以及HTML、CSS技术不再详细介绍。
完整代码：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>大乐透号码生成器</title> <style type="text/css"> #table {width:800px; height:500px;margin:10px;border:2px solid #000000;box-shadow: 10px 10px 5px;border-radius:50px;} .buttonStyle {height:40px;margin:20px;font-size:20px;background-color:#6495ED;color:white;border-radius:10px;} .oneStyle {margin-left:200px;margin-top:10px;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:20px;} span {border-radius: 50%;color: #FFFFFF;padding:3px;font-size:13px;} </style> </head> <body> <div id="table"> <div> <h1 style="text-align:center">大乐透号码生成器</h1> </div> <div class="oneStyle"> 生成组数：<select id="zushu" style="width:150px;height:30px;margin:10px;" onchange="select()"> <option value="1">生成 1 组号码</option> <option value="2">生成 2 组号码</option> <option value="3">生成 3 组号码</option> <option value="4">生成 4 组号码</option> <option value="5">生成 5 组号码</option> </select> </div> <div class="oneStyle"> 随机号码1：<span id="span11"></span> <span id="span12"></span> <span id="span13"></span> <span id="span14"></span> <span id="span15"></span> <span id="span16"></span> <span id="span17"></span><br> 随机号码2：<span id="span21"></span> <span id="span22"></span> <span id="span23"></span> <span id="span24"></span> <span id="span25"></span> <span id="span26"></span> <span id="span27"></span><br> 随机号码3：<span id="span31"></span> <span id="span32"></span> <span id="span33"></span> <span id="span34"></span> <span id="span35"></span> <span id="span36"></span> <span id="span37"></span><br> 随机号码4：<span id="span41"></span> <span id="span42"></span> <span id="span43"></span> <span id="span44"></span> <span id="span45"></span> <span id="span46"></span> <span id="span47"></span><br> 随机号码5：<span id="span51"></span> <span id="span52"></span> <span id="span53"></span> <span id="span54"></span> <span id="span55"></span> <span id="span56"></span> <span id="span57"></span><br> </div> <div class="oneStyle"> 排序后码1：<span id="span61"></span> <span id="span62"></span> <span id="span63"></span> <span id="span64"></span> <span id="span65"></span> <span id="span66"></span> <span id="span67"></span><br> 排序后码2：<span id="span71"></span> <span id="span72"></span> <span id="span73"></span> <span id="span74"></span> <span id="span75"></span> <span id="span76"></span> <span id="span77"></span><br> 排序后码3：<span id="span81"></span> <span id="span82"></span> <span id="span83"></span> <span id="span84"></span> <span id="span85"></span> <span id="span86"></span> <span id="span87"></span><br> 排序后码4：<span id="span91"></span> <span id="span92"></span> <span id="span93"></span> <span id="span94"></span> <span id="span95"></span> <span id="span96"></span> <span id="span97"></span><br> 排序后码5：<span id="span101"></span> <span id="span102"></span> <span id="span103"></span> <span id="span104"></span> <span id="span105"></span> <span id="span106"></span> <span id="span107"></span><br> </div> <div style="text-align:center"> <input class="buttonStyle" id="fiveNumber" type="button" onclick="number()"> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var table = document.getElementById("table"); var width = document.documentElement.clientWidth; //浏览器可见区域宽 var height = document.documentElement.clientHeight; //浏览器可见区域高 table.style.marginLeft = ((width-800)/2)+"px"; table.style.marginTop = ((height-700)/2)+"px"; var val = "1"; document.getElementById("fiveNumber").setAttribute("title","生成 1 组号码"); document.getElementById("fiveNumber").setAttribute("value","生成 1 组号码"); //随机生成五组号码 function select() { val = document.getElementById("zushu").value; var des = "生成 " + val + " 组号码"; document.getElementById("fiveNumber").setAttribute("title",des); document.getElementById("fiveNumber").setAttribute("value",des); } //随机生成五组号码 function number() { for(var n=1;n<11;n++){ for(var m=1;m<8;m++){ var a = "span" + n + m; document.getElementById(a).innerText = "";//每次点击按钮先清空上一次数据 document.getElementById(a).style.backgroundColor = "white"; } } for(var x=1;x<(parseInt(val)+1);x++){ //从35个号码里面无放回地取5位 var arr35 = ["01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17", "18","19","20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","30","31","32","33","34","35"]; //从12个号码里面无放回地取2位 var arr12 = ["01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"]; var span = ""; var temp = ""; for(var i=1;i<6;i++){ span = "span" + x + i; temp = Math.floor(Math.random()*arr35.length);//随机取一个数 document.getElementById(span).innerText = arr35[temp]; document.getElementById(span).style.backgroundColor = "red"; arr35.splice(temp,1);//删除该位置的值 } for(var j=6;j<8;j++){ span = "span" + x + j; temp = Math.floor(Math.random()*arr12.length);//随机取一个数 document.getElementById(span).innerText = arr12[temp]; document.getElementById(span).style.backgroundColor = "blue"; arr12.splice(temp,1);//删除该位置的值 } } for(var x=1;x<(parseInt(val)+1);x++){ var span = ""; //前五位排序 var arr = new Array(5); for(var y=0;y<5;y++){ span = "span" + x + (y+1); arr[y] = document.getElementById(span).lastChild.nodeValue; } var a = bubbleSort(arr); for(var l=0;l<5;l++){ span = "span" + (x+5) + (l+1); document.getElementById(span).innerText = a[l]; document.getElementById(span).style.backgroundColor = "red"; } //后两位排序 var spann6 = "span" + x + "6"; var spann7 = "span" + x + "7"; var spanm6 = "span" + (x+5) + "6"; var spanm7 = "span" + (x+5) + "7"; var span6 = document.getElementById(spann6).lastChild.nodeValue; var span7 = document.getElementById(spann7).lastChild.nodeValue; if(parseInt(span6) > parseInt(span7)){ document.getElementById(spanm6).innerText = span7; document.getElementById(spanm7).innerText = span6; }else{ document.getElementById(spanm6).innerText = span6; document.getElementById(spanm7).innerText = span7; } document.getElementById(spanm6).style.backgroundColor = "blue"; document.getElementById(spanm7).style.backgroundColor = "blue"; } } //插入排序 function bubbleSort(array){ var len = array.length; for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) { for (var j = i; j > 0 && array[j]<array[j-1]; j--) { var swap = array[j]; //第二个for循环使元素比较并移动到合适位置 array[j] = array[j-1]; array[j-1] = swap; } } return array; } </script> </body> </html>
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