引自MSDN的Select语法结构(为了方便自己查找:))

引自MSDN：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa656402.aspx

 

Select Statement Syntax

SelectStatement	=	select Parameters
Parameters		[ [  FindOptions  ] [  FieldList  from ] ] TableBufferVariable [ IndexClause ] [  Options  ] [  WhereClause  ] [  JoinClause  ]
FindOptions	=	crossCompany | reverse | firstFast | [ firstOnly | firstOnly10 | firstOnly100 | firstOnly1000 ] | forUpdate | noFetch | [forcePlaceholders | forceLiterals] | forceselectorder | forceNestedLoop | repeatableRead
FieldList	=	Field  { ,  Field  } | *
Field	=	Aggregate  (  FieldIdentifier  ) |  FieldIdentifier
Aggregate	=	sum | avg | minof | maxof | count
Options	=	[ order by , group by , FieldIdentifier [ asc | desc ] { , FieldIdentifier [ asc | desc ] }] | [ IndexClause ]
IndexClause	=	index  IndexName | index hint IndexName
WhereClause	=	where  Expression
JoinClause	=	[exists | notexists | outer ] join Parameters

 Keywords Used in the Select Syntax

Keyword	Description	Example
asc	An option on the order by or group by clause. The sorting is ascending. (Sort is ascending by default.)	select * from custTable      order by Name asc;
avg	Returns the average of the fields.	CustTable custTable; ; select avg(value) from custTable; print custTable.value;
count	Returns the number of records.	CustTable xCT; int64 iCountRows; ; Select COUNT(RecID) from xCT; iCountRows = xCT.RecID;
crossCompany	Returns data for all companies that the user is authorized to read from. (A container can be added to reduce the number of companies involved.)	CustTable custTable; container conCompanies = ['dat','dmo']; ; select crossCompany :conCompanies     * from custTable;
desc	An option on the order by or group by clause. The sorting is descending.	select * from custTable      order by Name desc;
exists	A method that returns a Boolean value and a join clause.	while select AccountNum, Name from custTable     order by AccountNum     exists join * from ctr     where (ctr.AccountNum ==       custTable.AccountNum)
firstFast	A priority hint. The first row appears more quickly but the total return time for this option might be slower. The firstFast hint is automatically issued from all forms, but is rarely used directly from X++.	select firstFast custTable      order by AccountNum;
firstOnly	Speeds up the fetch. Instructs MorphX to fetch only the first record.	static InventTable find(     ItemId   itemId,     boolean  update = false) {     InventTable inventTable;     ;     inventTable.selectForUpdate         (update);     if (itemId)     {          select firstonly inventTable             index hint ItemIdx             where inventTable.itemId                 == itemId;     }     return inventTable; }
firstOnly10	Same as firstOnly, except returns 10 rows instead of one.
firstOnly100	Same as firstOnly, except returns 100 rows instead of one.
firstOnly1000	Same as firstOnly, except returns 1000 rows instead of one.
forceLiterals	Note You are advised not to use the forceLiterals keyword in X++ select statements, because it could expose code to an SQL injection security threat. forceLiterals instructs the kernel to reveal the actual values that are used in where clauses to the Microsoft SQL Server database at the time of optimization. forceLiterals and forcePlaceholders are mutually exclusive.
forceNestedLoop	Forces the Microsoft SQL Server database to use a nested-loop algorithm to process a particular SQL statement containing a join algorithm. This means that a record from the first table is fetched before any records from the second table are fetched. Typically, other join algorithms, such as hash-joins and merge-joins, would be considered. This keyword is often combined with the forceSelectOrder keyword.	while select forceSelectOrder     forceNestedLoop inventTransThis     index hint TransIdIdx     where inventTransThis.InventTransId         == inventTrans.InventTransId         && inventTransThis.StatusIssue         <= StatusIssue::ReservOrdered
forcePlaceholders	Instructs the kernel not to reveal the actual values used in where clauses to the SQL Server database at the time of optimization. This is the default in all statements that are not join statements. The advantage of using this keyword is that the kernel can reuse the access plan for other similar statements with other search values. The disadvantage is that the access plan is computed without taking into consideration that data distribution might not be even. The access plan is an on-average access plan. forcePlaceholders and forceLiterals are mutually exclusive.	static void forcePlaceHoldersExample(Args _args) {     SalesTable salesTable;     SalesLine  salesLine;     ;     while select forcePlaceholders salesLine         join salesTable            where salesTable.SalesId ==             salesLine.SalesId                && salesTable.SalesId == '10'     {         //more code     } }
forceSelectOrder	Forces the SQL Server database to access the tables in a join in the specified order. If two tables are joined, the first table in the statement is always accessed first. This keyword is often combined with the forceNestedLoop keyword.	display ForecastHasPurch hasForecastPurch() {     ForecastPurch   forecastPurch;     InventDim       inventDim;     ;     select firstOnly forcePlaceholders         forceSelectOrder recId         from forecastPurch         index hint ItemIdx         where forecastPurch.itemId  == this.itemId     exists join inventDim         index hint DimIdIdx         where inventDim.inventDimId ==             forecastPurch.inventDimId         && inventDim.configId == this.configId;     return forecastPurch.recId; }
forUpdate	Selects records exclusively for update. Depending on the underlying database, the records may be locked for other users.	ttsBegin;  while select forUpdate ledgerJournalTrans     index hint NumVoucherIdx     where ledgerJournalTrans.journalNum ==      _journalNum &&       ledgerJournalTrans.voucher == _voucher {     ledgerJournalTrans.doDelete();     counter++; } if (counter      && ledgerJournalTable.journalType      != LedgerJournalType::Periodic) {     NumberSeq::release(       ledgerJournalTable.voucherSeries,       _voucher); } ttsCommit;
group by	Instructs the database to group selected records by fields.	CustTable custTable; ; while select sum(CreditMax) from custTable     group by CustGroup {     print custTable.CustGroup, " ",custTable.CreditMax; }
index	Instructs the database to sort the selected records as defined by the index.	CustTable custTable; ; while select AccountNum, Name from custTable     index AccountIdx {     print custTable.AccountNum, " ", custTable.Name; }
index hint	Gives the database a hint to use this index to sort the selected records as defined by the index. The database can ignore the hint. Note A wrong index hint can have a big performance impact. Index hints should only be applied to SQL statements that do not have dynamic where clauses or order by clauses, and where the effect of the hint can be verified.	while select forUpdate ledgerJournalTrans     index hint NumVoucherIdx     where ledgerJournalTrans.journalNum          == _journalNum
join	Used to join tables on a column that is common to both tables. Reduces the number of SQL statements that are needed if you want to loop through a table and update transactions in a related table. For example, if you process 500 records in a table, and want to update related records in another table, and use a nested while select to do this, there will be 501 trips to the database. If you use a join, there will be a single trip to the database.	while select ledgerTable     join ledgerTrans         where ledgerTrans.accountNum ==             ledgerTable.accountNum     {         amountMST += ledgerTrans.amountMST;     }
maxof	Returns the maximum of the fields.	CustTable custTable; ; select maxof(CreditMax) from custTable;
minof	Returns the minimum of the fields.	CustTable custTable; ; select minof(CreditMax) from custTable;
noFetch	Indicates that no records are to be fetched at present. This is typically used when the result of the select is passed on to another application object, for example, a query that performs the actual fetch.	select noFetch custTable      order by AccountNum
notExists	Chosen only if there are no posts.	while select AccountNum, Name from custTable     order by AccountNum     notExists join * from ctr     where (ctr.AccountNum ==         custTable.AccountNum)
optimisticLock	Forces a statement to run with Optimistic Concurrency Control even if a different value is set on the table. For more information, see Optimistic Concurrency Control.	select optimisticLock custTable     where custTable.AccountNum > '1000'
order by	Instructs the database to sort the selected records by fields in the order by list.	select * from custTable      order by accountNum desc     where custTable.AccountNum > "100";
outer	outer join. Can typically display all rows that both do and do not meet the conditions. An outer join can display all non-matching rows from either the first-named table or second-named table, or from both tables together.	while select AccountNum, Name     from custTable     order by AccountNum     outer join * from ctr     where (ctr.AccountNum ==       custTable.AccountNum)
pessimisticLock	Forces a statement to run with Pessimistic Concurrency Control even if a different value is set on the table. For more information, see Optimistic Concurrency Control.	select pessimisticLock custTable     where custTable.AccountNum > '1000'
repeatableRead	Specifies that no other transactions can modify data that has been read by logic inside the current transaction, until after the current transaction completes. An explicit transaction completes at either ttsAbort or at the outermost ttsCommit. For a stand-alone select statement, the transaction duration is the duration of the select command. However, the database sometimes enforces the equivalent of repeatableRead in individual select statements even without this keyword appearing in your X++ code (depending on how the database decides to scan the tables).	For more information, see the documentation for the underlying relational database product.
reverse	Records are returned in reverse order.	select reverse custTable      order by AccountNum;
sum	Returns the sum of the fields. Can be used to sum all accounts, order lines, and so on.	CustTable custTable; ; select sum(CreditMax) from custTable;