5、在没有第三个变量的情况下交换两个变量
在 JavaScript 中,你可以使用解构从数组中拆分值。这可以应用于交换两个变量而无需第三个:
let x =1;let y =2;// LONGER FORMlet temp = x;
x = y;
y = temp;// SHORTHAND[x, y]=[y, x];
10、类固醇的字符串
通过将字符串包装在反引号内并${}用于嵌入值,从而在字符串之间插入变量。
例如:
const age =41;const sentence =`I'm ${age} years old`;// result: I'm 41 years old11、 从数组中查找特定元素
使用find()方法查找匹配特定条件的元素:
const fruits =[{ type:"Banana", color:"Yellow"},{ type:"Apple", color:"Green"}];// LONGER FORMlet yellowFruit;for(let i =0; i < fruits.length;++i){if(fruits[i].color ==="Yellow"){
yellowFruit = fruits[i];}}// SHORTHAND
yellowFruit = fruits.find((fruit)=> fruit.color ==="Yellow");
12、对象属性赋值
你是否希望对象键与值具有相同的名称?你可以省略对象文字来执行此操作:
const name ="Luis", city ="Paris", age =43, favoriteFood ="Spaghetti";// LONGER FORMconst person ={
name: name,
city: city,
age: age,
favoriteFood: favoriteFood
};// SHORTHANDconst person ={ name, city, age, favoriteFood };
13、压缩 For 循环
使用内置forEach()方法通过一行代码循环遍历数组:
const numbers =[1,2,3,4,5];// LONGER FORMfor(let i =0; i < numbers.length; i++){
console.log(numbers[i]);}// SHORTHAND
numbers.forEach(number=> console.log(number));
14、 默认功能参数
你可以为函数参数提供默认值:
// LONG FORMfunctionpickUp(fruit){if(fruit ===undefined){
console.log("I picked up a Banana");}else{
console.log(`I picked up a ${fruit}`);}}// SHORTHANDfunctionpickUp(fruit ="Banana"){
console.log(`I picked up a ${fruit}`)}pickUp("Mango");// -> I picked up a MangopickUp();// -> I picked up a Banana
15、将对象的值收集到数组中
用于Object.values()将对象的所有值收集到一个新数组中:
const info ={ name:"Matt", country:"Finland", age:35};// LONGER FORMlet data =[];for(let key in info){
data.push(info[key]);}// SHORTHANDconst data = Object.values(info);