在ASP.NET MVC5中建置以角色為基礎的授權機制

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-09 00:22:30 发布

ayanamireizero

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-09 00:22:30 发布

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分类专栏： MVC 文章标签： asp.net mvc entity framework

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在前一篇貼文中，已探索過如何在MVC5中自定ASP.NET Identity，接下來要來試試在MVC5中如何運用 ASP.NET Identity來設定一個以 "角色"為基礎的授權機制。為了方便起見，簡化了這個認證機制的內容，同時假設這是一個公司內部使用的應用程式，所以拿掉了"註冊"的功能，所有的使用帳號管理都必須透過某一管理權限(Admin)的使用者來進行，也就是說只有具備有 Admin 角色的使用者可以執行”帳戶管理"的功能。

貼文內容:

建立MVC5新專案
修改相關 Models
- 擴展Identity Management Model
  - 加入新欄位
  - 建立Helper Class
- 擴展Account Management ViewModels (AccountViewModels.cs)
  - 在RegisterViewModel加入新欄位及 GetUser method
  - 新增 EditUserViewModel、SelectUserRolesViewModel、SelectRoleEditorViewModel
修改相關 Controllers
- 修改AccountController 中 Register Method 加入 Authorize attribute
- 加入 Index Method (ActionResult)
- 加入 Edit Method (ActionResult)
- 加入 Delete Method (ActionResult)
- 加入 UserRoles Method (ActionResult)

修改相關 Views
- 修改Register.cshtml View
- 新增Edit、Delete、Index 等方法的Views
- 新增UserRoles.cshtml View 並新增程式碼
- 新增 SelectRoleEditorViewModel.cshtml 在 Shared/EditorTemplates目錄下

在主頁面上新增”帳號管理" 功能按鈕
移除主頁面上的註冊功能
啟動 Migration功能
在Seed()方法中加入建立測試資料的程式碼
更新資料庫
執行結果

建立MVC5新專案

修改相關 Models

1. 擴展Identity Management Model (IdentityModels.cs)

加入新欄位：為使用者資料多加三個屬性欄位，分別是FirstName、LastName、Email。

建立Helper Class：利用Asp.Net Identity API建立一個 Identity Management Helper class: IdentityManager class，包含有建立角色、建立使用者...等功能。

IdentityModels.cs 完整程式

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace RoleBaseProject.Models

{

// You can add profile data for the user by adding more properties to your ApplicationUser class, please visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=317594 to learn more.

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser

{

[Required]

public string FirstName { get; set; }

[Required]

public string LastName { get; set; }

[Required]

public string Email { get; set; }

}

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>

{

public ApplicationDbContext()

: base("DefaultConnection")

{

}

public class IdentityManager

{

// 判斷角色是否已在存在

public bool RoleExists(string name)

{

var rm = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(

new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

return rm.RoleExists(name);

}

// 新增角色

public bool CreateRole(string name)

{

var rm = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(

new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

var idResult = rm.Create(new IdentityRole(name));

return idResult.Succeeded;

}

// 新增角色

public bool CreateUser(ApplicationUser user, string password)

{

var um = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(

new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

var idResult = um.Create(user, password);

return idResult.Succeeded;

}

// 將使用者加入角色中

public bool AddUserToRole(string userId, string roleName)

{

var um = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(

new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

var idResult = um.AddToRole(userId, roleName);

return idResult.Succeeded;

}

// 清除使用者的角色設定

public void ClearUserRoles(string userId)

{

var um = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(

new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext()));

var user = um.FindById(userId);

var currentRoles = new List<IdentityUserRole>();

currentRoles.AddRange(user.Roles);

foreach(var role in currentRoles)

{

um.RemoveFromRole(userId, role.Role.Name);

}

2. 擴展Account Management ViewModels (AccountViewModels.cs)

在RegisterViewModel加入新欄位及 GetUser method

針對要新增的"帳號管理"功能新增三個ViewModel，分別是: EditUserViewModel、SelectUserRolesViewModel、SelectRoleEditorViewModel

AccountViewModels.cs 完整程式

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace RoleBaseProject.Models

{

public class ExternalLoginConfirmationViewModel

{

[Required]

[Display(Name = "使用者名稱")]

public string UserName { get; set; }

}

public class ManageUserViewModel

{

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "目前密碼")]

public string OldPassword { get; set; }

[Required]

[StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "{0} 的長度至少必須為 {2} 個字元。", MinimumLength = 6)]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "新密碼")]

public string NewPassword { get; set; }

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "確認新密碼")]

[Compare("NewPassword", ErrorMessage = "新密碼與確認密碼不相符。")]

public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }

}

public class LoginViewModel

{

[Required]

[Display(Name = "使用者名稱")]

public string UserName { get; set; }

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "密碼")]

public string Password { get; set; }

[Display(Name = "記住我?")]

public bool RememberMe { get; set; }

}

public class RegisterViewModel

{

[Required]

[Display(Name = "使用者名稱")]

public string UserName { get; set; }

[Required]

[StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "{0} 的長度至少必須為 {2} 個字元。", MinimumLength = 6)]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "密碼")]

public string Password { get; set; }

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

[Display(Name = "確認密碼")]

[Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "密碼和確認密碼不相符。")]

public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "First Name")]

public string FirstName { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "Last Name")]

public string LastName { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "電子郵件信箱")]

public string Email { get; set; }

public ApplicationUser GetUser()

{

var user = new ApplicationUser()

{

UserName = this.UserName,

FirstName = this.FirstName,

LastName = this.LastName,

Email = this.Email,

};

return user;

}

public class EditUserViewModel

{

public EditUserViewModel() { }

// Allow Initialization with an instance of ApplicationUser:

public EditUserViewModel(ApplicationUser user)

{

this.UserName = user.UserName;

this.FirstName = user.FirstName;

this.LastName = user.LastName;

this.Email = user.Email;

}

[Required]

[Display(Name = "使用者帳號")]

public string UserName { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "名")]

public string FirstName { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "姓")]

public string LastName { get; set; }

[Required]

[Display(Name = "電子郵件信箱")]

public string Email { get; set; }

}

public class SelectUserRolesViewModel

{

public SelectUserRolesViewModel()

{

this.Roles = new List<SelectRoleEditorViewModel>();

}

// Enable initialization with an instance of ApplicationUser:

public SelectUserRolesViewModel(ApplicationUser user)

: this()

{

this.UserName = user.UserName;

this.FirstName = user.FirstName;

this.LastName = user.LastName;

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

// Add all available roles to the list of EditorViewModels:

var allRoles = Db.Roles;

foreach (var role in allRoles)

{

// An EditorViewModel will be used by Editor Template:

var rvm = new SelectRoleEditorViewModel(role);

this.Roles.Add(rvm);

}

// Set the Selected property to true for those roles for

// which the current user is a member:

foreach (var userRole in user.Roles)

{

var checkUserRole =

this.Roles.Find(r => r.RoleName == userRole.Role.Name);

checkUserRole.Selected = true;

}

public string UserName { get; set; }

public string FirstName { get; set; }

public string LastName { get; set; }

public List<SelectRoleEditorViewModel> Roles { get; set; }

}

// Used to display a single role with a checkbox, within a list structure:

public class SelectRoleEditorViewModel

{

public SelectRoleEditorViewModel() { }

public SelectRoleEditorViewModel(IdentityRole role)

{

this.RoleName = role.Name;

}

public bool Selected { get; set; }

[Required]

public string RoleName { get; set; }

}

修改相關 Controllers

修改AccountController 中 Register Method 加入 Authorize attribute

必須具有Admin 角色者才能執行。

加入 Index Method (ActionResult)

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult Index()

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var users = Db.Users;

var model = new List<EditUserViewModel>();

foreach(var user in users)

{

var u = new EditUserViewModel(user);

model.Add(u);

}

return View(model);

}

加入 Edit Method (ActionResult)

// GEG: /Account/Edit

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult Edit(string id , ManageMessageId? Message = null)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new EditUserViewModel(user);

ViewBag.MessageId = Message;

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/Edit

[HttpPost]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(EditUserViewModel model)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == model.UserName);

user.FirstName = model.FirstName;

user.LastName = model.LastName;

user.Email = model.Email;

Db.Entry(user).State = System.Data.Entity.EntityState.Modified;

await Db.SaveChangesAsync();

return RedirectToAction("Index");

}

return View(model);

}

加入 Delete Method (ActionResult)

// GEG: /Account/Delete

[Authorize(Roles="Admin")]

public ActionResult Delete(string id = null)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new EditUserViewModel(user);

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/Delete

[HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult DeleteConfirmed(string id)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

Db.Users.Remove(user);

Db.SaveChanges();

return RedirectToAction("Index");

}

加入 UserRoles Method (ActionResult)

// GEG: /Account/UserRoles

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult UserRoles(string id)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new SelectUserRolesViewModel(user);

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/UserRoles

[HttpPost]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult UserRoles(SelectUserRolesViewModel model)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var idManager = new IdentityManager();

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == model.UserName);

idManager.ClearUserRoles(user.Id);

foreach (var role in model.Roles)

{

if (role.Selected)

{

idManager.AddUserToRole(user.Id, role.RoleName);

}

return RedirectToAction("index");

}

return View();

}

AccountController.cs 完整程式

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Security.Claims;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;

using Microsoft.Owin.Security;

using RoleBaseProject.Models;

namespace RoleBaseProject.Controllers

{

[Authorize]

public class AccountController : Controller

{

public AccountController()

: this(new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new ApplicationDbContext())))

{

}

public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager)

{

UserManager = userManager;

}

public UserManager<ApplicationUser> UserManager { get; private set; }

// GET: /Account/Login

[AllowAnonymous]

public ActionResult Login(string returnUrl)

{

ViewBag.ReturnUrl = returnUrl;

return View();

}

// POST: /Account/Login

[HttpPost]

[AllowAnonymous]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel model, string returnUrl)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var user = await UserManager.FindAsync(model.UserName, model.Password);

if (user != null)

{

await SignInAsync(user, model.RememberMe);

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

else

{

ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid username or password.");

}

// 如果執行到這裡，發生某項失敗，則重新顯示表單

return View(model);

}

// GET: /Account/Register

[Authorize(Roles="Admin")]

public ActionResult Register()

{

return View();

}

// POST: /Account/Register

[HttpPost]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var user = new ApplicationUser() {

UserName = model.UserName,

FirstName = model.FirstName,

LastName = model.LastName,

Email = model.Email,

};

var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

await SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

else

{

AddErrors(result);

}

// 如果執行到這裡，發生某項失敗，則重新顯示表單

return View(model);

}

// GEG: /Account/Index

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult Index()

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var users = Db.Users;

var model = new List<EditUserViewModel>();

foreach(var user in users)

{

var u = new EditUserViewModel(user);

model.Add(u);

}

return View(model);

}

// GEG: /Account/Edit

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult Edit(string id , ManageMessageId? Message = null)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new EditUserViewModel(user);

ViewBag.MessageId = Message;

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/Edit

[HttpPost]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Edit(EditUserViewModel model)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == model.UserName);

user.FirstName = model.FirstName;

user.LastName = model.LastName;

user.Email = model.Email;

Db.Entry(user).State = System.Data.Entity.EntityState.Modified;

await Db.SaveChangesAsync();

return RedirectToAction("Index");

}

return View(model);

}

// GEG: /Account/Delete

[Authorize(Roles="Admin")]

public ActionResult Delete(string id = null)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new EditUserViewModel(user);

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/Delete

[HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult DeleteConfirmed(string id)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

Db.Users.Remove(user);

Db.SaveChanges();

return RedirectToAction("Index");

}

// GEG: /Account/UserRoles

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

public ActionResult UserRoles(string id)

{

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == id);

var model = new SelectUserRolesViewModel(user);

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/UserRoles

[HttpPost]

[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult UserRoles(SelectUserRolesViewModel model)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

var idManager = new IdentityManager();

var Db = new ApplicationDbContext();

var user = Db.Users.First(u => u.UserName == model.UserName);

idManager.ClearUserRoles(user.Id);

foreach (var role in model.Roles)

{

if (role.Selected)

{

idManager.AddUserToRole(user.Id, role.RoleName);

}

return RedirectToAction("index");

}

return View();

}

// POST: /Account/Disassociate

[HttpPost]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Disassociate(string loginProvider, string providerKey)

{

ManageMessageId? message = null;

IdentityResult result = await UserManager.RemoveLoginAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), new UserLoginInfo(loginProvider, providerKey));

if (result.Succeeded)

{

message = ManageMessageId.RemoveLoginSuccess;

}

else

{

message = ManageMessageId.Error;

}

return RedirectToAction("Manage", new { Message = message });

}

// GET: /Account/Manage

public ActionResult Manage(ManageMessageId? message)

{

ViewBag.StatusMessage =

message == ManageMessageId.ChangePasswordSuccess ? "您的密碼已變更。"

: message == ManageMessageId.SetPasswordSuccess ? "已設定您的密碼。"

: message == ManageMessageId.RemoveLoginSuccess ? "已移除外部登入。"

: message == ManageMessageId.Error ? "發生錯誤。"

: "";

ViewBag.HasLocalPassword = HasPassword();

ViewBag.ReturnUrl = Url.Action("Manage");

return View();

}

// POST: /Account/Manage

[HttpPost]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> Manage(ManageUserViewModel model)

{

bool hasPassword = HasPassword();

ViewBag.HasLocalPassword = hasPassword;

ViewBag.ReturnUrl = Url.Action("Manage");

if (hasPassword)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

IdentityResult result = await UserManager.ChangePasswordAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), model.OldPassword, model.NewPassword);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

return RedirectToAction("Manage", new { Message = ManageMessageId.ChangePasswordSuccess });

}

else

{

AddErrors(result);

}

else

{

// User does not have a password so remove any validation errors caused by a missing OldPassword field

ModelState state = ModelState["OldPassword"];

if (state != null)

{

state.Errors.Clear();

}

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

IdentityResult result = await UserManager.AddPasswordAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), model.NewPassword);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

return RedirectToAction("Manage", new { Message = ManageMessageId.SetPasswordSuccess });

}

else

{

AddErrors(result);

}

// 如果執行到這裡，發生某項失敗，則重新顯示表單

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/ExternalLogin

[HttpPost]

[AllowAnonymous]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult ExternalLogin(string provider, string returnUrl)

{

// 要求重新導向至外部登入提供者

return new ChallengeResult(provider, Url.Action("ExternalLoginCallback", "Account", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl }));

}

// GET: /Account/ExternalLoginCallback

[AllowAnonymous]

public async Task<ActionResult> ExternalLoginCallback(string returnUrl)

{

var loginInfo = await AuthenticationManager.GetExternalLoginInfoAsync();

if (loginInfo == null)

{

return RedirectToAction("Login");

}

// Sign in the user with this external login provider if the user already has a login

var user = await UserManager.FindAsync(loginInfo.Login);

if (user != null)

{

await SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

else

{

// If the user does not have an account, then prompt the user to create an account

ViewBag.ReturnUrl = returnUrl;

ViewBag.LoginProvider = loginInfo.Login.LoginProvider;

return View("ExternalLoginConfirmation", new ExternalLoginConfirmationViewModel { UserName = loginInfo.DefaultUserName });

}

// POST: /Account/LinkLogin

[HttpPost]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult LinkLogin(string provider)

{

// Request a redirect to the external login provider to link a login for the current user

return new ChallengeResult(provider, Url.Action("LinkLoginCallback", "Account"), User.Identity.GetUserId());

}

// GET: /Account/LinkLoginCallback

public async Task<ActionResult> LinkLoginCallback()

{

var loginInfo = await AuthenticationManager.GetExternalLoginInfoAsync(XsrfKey, User.Identity.GetUserId());

if (loginInfo == null)

{

return RedirectToAction("Manage", new { Message = ManageMessageId.Error });

}

var result = await UserManager.AddLoginAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId(), loginInfo.Login);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

return RedirectToAction("Manage");

}

return RedirectToAction("Manage", new { Message = ManageMessageId.Error });

}

// POST: /Account/ExternalLoginConfirmation

[HttpPost]

[AllowAnonymous]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public async Task<ActionResult> ExternalLoginConfirmation(ExternalLoginConfirmationViewModel model, string returnUrl)

{

if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)

{

return RedirectToAction("Manage");

}

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

// 從外部登入提供者處取得使用者資訊

var info = await AuthenticationManager.GetExternalLoginInfoAsync();

if (info == null)

{

return View("ExternalLoginFailure");

}

var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = model.UserName };

var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

result = await UserManager.AddLoginAsync(user.Id, info.Login);

if (result.Succeeded)

{

await SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false);

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

AddErrors(result);

}

ViewBag.ReturnUrl = returnUrl;

return View(model);

}

// POST: /Account/LogOff

[HttpPost]

[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

public ActionResult LogOff()

{

AuthenticationManager.SignOut();

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

// GET: /Account/ExternalLoginFailure

[AllowAnonymous]

public ActionResult ExternalLoginFailure()

{

return View();

}

[ChildActionOnly]

public ActionResult RemoveAccountList()

{

var linkedAccounts = UserManager.GetLogins(User.Identity.GetUserId());

ViewBag.ShowRemoveButton = HasPassword() || linkedAccounts.Count > 1;

return (ActionResult)PartialView("_RemoveAccountPartial", linkedAccounts);

}

protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)

{

if (disposing && UserManager != null)

{

UserManager.Dispose();

UserManager = null;

}

base.Dispose(disposing);

}

#region Helper

// Used for XSRF protection when adding external logins

private const string XsrfKey = "XsrfId";

private IAuthenticationManager AuthenticationManager

{

get

{

return HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication;

}

private async Task SignInAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool isPersistent)

{

AuthenticationManager.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);

var identity = await UserManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);

AuthenticationManager.SignIn(new AuthenticationProperties() { IsPersistent = isPersistent }, identity);

}

private void AddErrors(IdentityResult result)

{

foreach (var error in result.Errors)

{

ModelState.AddModelError("", error);

}

private bool HasPassword()

{

var user = UserManager.FindById(User.Identity.GetUserId());

if (user != null)

{

return user.PasswordHash != null;

}

return false;

}

public enum ManageMessageId

{

ChangePasswordSuccess,

SetPasswordSuccess,

RemoveLoginSuccess,

Error

}

private ActionResult RedirectToLocal(string returnUrl)

{

if (Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl))

{

return Redirect(returnUrl);

}

else

{

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

private class ChallengeResult : HttpUnauthorizedResult

{

public ChallengeResult(string provider, string redirectUri) : this(provider, redirectUri, null)

{

}

public ChallengeResult(string provider, string redirectUri, string userId)

{

LoginProvider = provider;

RedirectUri = redirectUri;

UserId = userId;

}

public string LoginProvider { get; set; }

public string RedirectUri { get; set; }

public string UserId { get; set; }

public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)

{

var properties = new AuthenticationProperties() { RedirectUri = RedirectUri };

if (UserId != null)

{

properties.Dictionary[XsrfKey] = UserId;

}

context.HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication.Challenge(properties, LoginProvider);

}

#endregion

}

修改相關 Views

修改Register.cshtml View

@model RoleBaseProject.Models.RegisterViewModel

ViewBag.Title = "註冊";

}

<h2>@ViewBag.Title.</h2>

@using (Html.BeginForm("Register", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { @class = "form-horizontal", role = "form" }))

{

@Html.AntiForgeryToken()

<h4>建立新的帳戶。</h4>

<hr />

@Html.ValidationSummary()

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.UserName, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.PasswordFor(m => m.Password, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.ConfirmPassword, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.PasswordFor(m => m.ConfirmPassword, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.FirstName, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.FirstName, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.LastName, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.LastName, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(m => m.Email, new { @class = "col-md-2 control-label" })

@Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Email, new { @class = "form-control" })

</div>

</div>

}

@section Scripts {

@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")

}

新增Edit、Delete、Index 等方法的Views

新增Edit Views

用以下內容取代原程式

@model RoleBaseProject.Models.EditUserViewModel

ViewBag.Title = "資料者資料編輯";

}

<h2>資料者資料編輯</h2>

@using (Html.BeginForm())

{

@Html.AntiForgeryToken()

<h4>修改原有帳號資料</h4>

<hr />

@Html.ValidationSummary(true)

@Html.LabelFor(model => model.UserName, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })

@Html.EditorFor(model => model.UserName)

@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.UserName)

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(model => model.FirstName, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })

@Html.EditorFor(model => model.FirstName)

@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.FirstName)

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(model => model.LastName, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })

@Html.EditorFor(model => model.LastName)

@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.LastName)

</div>

@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })

@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email)

@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email)

</div>

</div>

}

<div>

@Html.ActionLink("回到使用者清單畫面", "Index")

</div>

@section Scripts {

@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")

}

新增Delete的Views

用以下內容取代原程式

@model RoleBaseProject.Models.EditUserViewModel

<h3>使用者帳號刪除</h3>

<div>

<h4>確定要刪除這個使用者帳號?</h4>

<hr />

<dt>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.UserName)

</dt>

<dd>

@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.UserName)

</dd>

<dt>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.FirstName)

</dt>

<dd>

@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.FirstName)

</dd>

<dt>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.LastName)

</dt>

<dd>

@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.LastName)

</dd>

<dt>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Email)

</dt>

<dd>

@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Email)

</dd>

</dl>

@using (Html.BeginForm()) {

@Html.AntiForgeryToken()

<input type="submit" value="刪除" class="btn btn-default" /> |

@Html.ActionLink("回到使用者清單畫面", "Index")

</div>

}

</div>

新增Index Views

用以下內容取代原程式

@model IEnumerable<RoleBaseProject.Models.EditUserViewModel>

ViewBag.Title = "帳號管理";

}

<p>

@Html.ActionLink("新增帳號", "Register")

</p>

<tr>

<th>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.UserName)

</th>

<th>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.FirstName)

</th>

<th>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.LastName)

</th>

<th>

@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Email)

</th>

</tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {

<tr>

<td>

@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.UserName)

</td>

<td>

@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.FirstName)

</td>

<td>

@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.LastName)

</td>

<td>

@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Email)

</td>

<td>

@Html.ActionLink("編輯", "Edit", new { id=item.UserName }) |

@Html.ActionLink("角色", "UserRoles", new { id=item.UserName }) |

@Html.ActionLink("刪除", "Delete", new { id=item.UserName })

</td>

</tr>

}

</table>

新增好的三個View

新增UserRoles.cshtml View 並新增程式碼

用以下內容取代原程式

@model RoleBaseProject.Models.SelectUserRolesViewModel

ViewBag.Title = "使用者角色";

}

<h2>使用者角色 @Html.DisplayFor(model => model.UserName)</h2>

<hr />

@using (Html.BeginForm("UserRoles", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { encType = "multipart/form-data", name = "myform" }))

{

@Html.AntiForgeryToken()

@Html.ValidationSummary(true)

@Html.HiddenFor(model => model.UserName)

</div>

<h4>選擇要加入的角色</h4>

<br />

<hr />

<table>

<tr>

<th>

勾選

</th>

<th>

角色

</th>

</tr>

@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Roles)

</table>

<br />

<hr />

</div>

}

新增SelectRoleEditorViewModel.cshtml 在 Shared/EditorTemplates目錄下

程式如下:

@model RoleBaseProject.Models.SelectRoleEditorViewModel

@Html.HiddenFor(model => model.RoleName)

<tr>

@Html.CheckBoxFor(model => model.Selected)

</td>

<td>

@Html.DisplayFor(model => model.RoleName)

</td>

</tr>

在主頁面上新增”帳號管理" 功能按鈕

移除主頁面上的註冊功能

啟動 Migration功能

在Seed()方法中加入建立測試資料的程式碼

完整程式:

namespace RoleBaseProject.Migrations

{

using RoleBaseProject.Models;

using System;

using System.Data.Entity;

using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;

using System.Linq;

internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<RoleBaseProject.Models.ApplicationDbContext>

{

public Configuration()

{

AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false;

}

protected override void Seed(RoleBaseProject.Models.ApplicationDbContext context)

{

// This method will be called after migrating to the latest version.

// You can use the DbSet<T>.AddOrUpdate() helper extension method

// to avoid creating duplicate seed data. E.g.

// context.People.AddOrUpdate(

// p => p.FullName,

// new Person { FullName = "Andrew Peters" },

// new Person { FullName = "Brice Lambson" },

// new Person { FullName = "Rowan Miller" }

// );

this.AddUserAndRoles();

}

bool AddUserAndRoles()

{

bool success = false;

var idManager = new IdentityManager();

success = idManager.CreateRole("Admin");

if (!success == true) return success;

success = idManager.CreateRole("CanEdit");

if (!success == true) return success;

success = idManager.CreateRole("User");

if (!success) return success;

var newUser = new ApplicationUser()

{

UserName = "jatten",

FirstName = "John",

LastName = "Atten",

Email = "jatten@typecastexception.com"

};

success = idManager.CreateUser(newUser, "Password1");

if (!success) return success;

success = idManager.AddUserToRole(newUser.Id, "Admin");

if (!success) return success;

success = idManager.AddUserToRole(newUser.Id, "CanEdit");

if (!success) return success;

success = idManager.AddUserToRole(newUser.Id, "User");

if (!success) return success;

return success;

}

更新資料庫

執行結果

以具有Admin角色的使用者登入後執行帳戶管理功能:

ayanamireizero

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在ASP.NET MVC5中建置以角色為基礎的授權機制

在前一篇貼文中，已探索過如何在MVC5中自定ASP.NET Identity，接下來要來試試在MVC5中如何運用 ASP.NET Identity來設定一個以 "角色"為基礎的授權機制。為了方便起見，簡化了這個認證機制的內容，同時假設這是一個公司內部使用的應用程式，所以拿掉了"註冊"的功能，所有的使用帳號管理都必須透過某一管理權限(Admin)的使用者來進行，也就是說只有具備有 Admin
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