Mapper类中的findById($id)可以从数据库中取出指定id的一条数据,映射成一个对象返回。很多时候我们需要返回一个数据集合(findAll),那我们就需要一种数据结构来保存这些数据,在需要时映射成对象。既然一条数据映射成一个对象,那么一个数据集合就需要一个对象集合。可以把数据集合和对象集合放在一个类中,这样就方便处理数据到对象的映射了。我们把这个类命名为Collection,为了能更好好的访问集合对象,Collection子类都实现了Iterator接口,使用foreach可以方便访问。
Collection的类结构:
\demo\mapper\Collection:
namespace demo\mapper;
use demo\base\AppException;
use demo\domain\DomainObject;
use demo\mapper\Mapper;
abstract class Collection {
// 保存数据库取出的行数据
protected $raws;
// 保存已映射的对象
protected $objects = array();
// 用于$raws[]到$objects的映射
protected $mapper;
// 当前指针
private $pointer = 0;
// 对象数组总数
private $total = 0;
/**
* @param array $raws 未处理过的数据库数据
* @param Mapper $mapper 用于把$raws映射成对象(createObject)
*/
public function __construct(array $raws = null, Mapper $mapper = null) {
if (!is_null($raws) && !is_null($mapper)) {
$this->raws = $raws;
$this->total = count($raws);
}
$this->mapper = $mapper;
}
/**
* 返回指定$num的数据对象
* @param int $num
*/
public function getRow($num) {
if ($num < 0 || $num >= $this->total) {
return null;
}
// 延迟加载
$this->notifyAccess();
if (isset($this->objects[$num])) {
return $this->objects[$num];
}
if (isset($this->raws[$num])) {
$obj = $this->mapper->createObject($this->raws[$num]);
$this->objects[$num] = $obj;
return $obj;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 添加对象
* @param DomainObject $obj
* @throws AppException
*/
public function add(DomainObject $obj) {
// 类型安全检查
$targetClass = $this->getTargetClass();
if (!($obj instanceof $targetClass)) {
throw new AppException("Object must be {$targetClass}");
}
//
$this->notifyAccess();
$this->objects[$this->pointer++] = $obj;
}
public function current() {
return $this->getRow($this->pointer);
}
public function next() {
$obj = $this->getRow($this->pointer);
if (!is_null($obj)) {
$this->pointer++;
}
return $obj;
}
public function key() {
return $this->pointer;
}
public function rewind() {
$this->pointer = 0;
}
public function valid() {
return !is_null($this->current());
}
/**
* 延迟加载
*/
protected function notifyAccess() {
// 暂时留空
}
protected abstract function getTargetClass();
}
\demo\domain:
namespace demo\domain;
use \demo\domain\DomainObject;
interface ClassroomCollection extends \Iterator {
public function add(DomainObject $obj);
}
interface StudentCollection extends \Iterator {
public function add(DomainObject $obj);
}
interface ScoreCollection extends \Iterator {
public function add(DomainObject $obj);
}
\demo\mapper:
namespace demo\mapper;
class ClassroomCollection extends Collection
implements \demo\domain\ClassroomCollection {
protected function getTargetClass() {
return '\demo\domain\Classroom';
}
}
class StudentCollection extends Collection
implements \demo\domain\StudentCollection {
protected function getTargetClass() {
return '\demo\domain\Student';
}
}
class ScoreCollection extends Collection
implements \demo\domain\ScoreCollection {
protected function getTargetClass() {
return '\demo\domain\Score';
}
}
为什么需要为domain包还需要一个Collection接口呢?因为domain包需要用到Collection来保存数据,为了让domain包不依赖于mapper包的Collection,所以创建了一个接口。而\demo\domain\mapper\Collection则会实现这个接口。
现在的结构开始有点复杂了,为了能管理好Mapper和Collection的具体子类,我们可以使用抽象工厂来管理对象的创建。来看看类图:
\demo\mapper\PersistanceFatory
namespace demo\mapper;
/**
* 持久化工厂
*/
abstract class PersistanceFactory {
public static function getFactory($targetClass) {
switch ($targetClass) {
case '\demo\domain\Classroom':
return new ClassroomPersistanceFactory();
case '\demo\domain\Student':
return new StudentPersistanceFactory();
case '\demo\domain\Score':
return new ScorePersistanceFactory();
}
}
public abstract function getMapper();
public abstract function getCollection(array $raws = null);
}
class ClassroomPersistanceFactory extends PersistanceFactory {
public function getMapper() {
return new ClassroomMapper();
}
public function getCollection(array $raws = null) {
return new ClassroomCollection($raws, $this->getMapper());
}
}
class StudentPersistanceFactory extends PersistanceFactory {
public function getMapper() {
return new StudentMapper();
}
public function getCollection(array $raws = null) {
return new StudentCollection($raws, $this->getMapper());
}
}
class ScorePersistanceFactory extends PersistanceFactory {
public function getMapper() {
return new ScoreMapper();
}
public function getCollection(array $raws = null) {
return new ScoreCollection($raws, $this->getMapper());
}
}
使用这样的工厂模式可以很方便地创建指定的Mapper和Collection子类了,同时这种方式也可以方便以后新功能的添加。
domain包中同样需要Collection对象,但需要注意和mapper中的Collection分离开来。我们可以在domain包中创一个HelperFactory类来当做domain访问mapper的桥梁。
namespace demo\domain;
use demo\mapper\PersistanceFactory;
class HelperFactory {
public static function getCollection($targetClass) {
$fact = PersistanceFactory::getFactory($targetClass);
return $fact->getCollection();
}
public static function getFinder($targetClass) {
$fact = PersistanceFactory::getFactory($targetClass);
return $fact->getMapper();
}
}
这样就把domain包和mapper包分离开来了。
Collection有了,那么就来实现Mapper的findAll()吧。
namespace demo\mapper;
use demo\base\AppException;
use \demo\base\ApplicationRegistry;
/**
* Mapper
*/
abstract class Mapper {
//...
/**
* 返回Collection
*/
public function findAll() {
$pStmt = $this->getSelectAllStmt();
$pStmt->execute(array());
$raws = $pStmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
$collection = $this->getCollection($raws);
return $collection;
}
/**
* 返回子类Collection
* @param array $raw
*/
public function getCollection(array $raws) {
return $this->getFactory()->getCollection($raws);
}
/**
* 返回子类持久化工厂对象
*/
public function getFactory() {
return PersistanceFactory::getFactory($this->getTargetClass());
}
//....
}
例子:
$fact = PersistanceFactory::getFactory('\demo\domain\Classroom');
$mapper = $fact->getMapper();
$classrooms = $mapper->findAll();
foreach ($classrooms as $elem) {
var_dump($elem);
}
Colletion能方便管理$raws[]到$objects[]的映射。
PersistanceFactory能管理好mapper包中类对象的创建。
HelperFactory把mapper包和domain包分离开来。