关于数据文件头内容与oracle启动

可以通过一个内部事件来转储数据文件头信息，这个常用的命令是：

alter session set events 'immediate trace name file_hdrs level 10';

那么我们来看一下这个命令得到的trace文件及内容。
immediate关闭数据库，在mount状态下执行该命令: 

 

SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  139531744 bytes Fixed Size                   452064 bytes Variable Size             121634816 bytes Database Buffers           16777216 bytes Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name file_hdrs level 10'; Session altered.

 

选取一个文件的信息,这里选择myoracle01.dbf文件，我们注意，以下就是trace文件摘录的信息:

 

DATA FILE #4:   (name #4) /opt/oracle/oradata/myoracle/myoracle01.dbf creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xe head=4 tail=4 dup=1  tablespace 4, index=4 krfil=4 prev_file=0  unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00  Checkpoint cnt:53 scn: 0x 0000.002ac5f9 08/10/2006 20:58:21  Stop scn: 0x0000.002ac5f9 08/10/2006 20:58:21  Creation Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.0015078d 06/06/2006 09:41:54  thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)  enabled  threads:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000  Offline scn: 0x0000.00000000 prev_range: 0  Online Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.00000000  thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)  enabled  threads:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000  Hot Backup end marker scn: 0x0000.00000000  aux_file is NOT DEFINED  FILE HEADER:         Software vsn=153092096=0x9200000, Compatibility Vsn=134217728=0x8000000         Db ID=1407686520=0x53e79778, Db Name='MYORACLE'         Activation ID=0=0x0         Control Seq=973=0x3cd, File size=1280=0x500         File Number=4, Blksiz=8192, File Type=3 DATA Tablespace #4 - MYORACLE  rel_fn:4 Creation   at   scn: 0x0000.0015078d 06/06/2006 09:41:54 Backup taken at scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00 thread:0  reset logs count:0x232bee1f scn: 0x0000.0007c781 recovered at 08/10/2006 20:57:53  status:0x0 root dba:0x00000000 chkpt cnt: 53 ctl cnt:52 begin-hot-backup file size: 0 Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.002ac5f9 08/10/2006 20:58:21  thread:1 rba:(0x35.1275.10)  enabled  threads:  01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000 Backup Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.00000000  thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)  enabled  threads:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000 External cache id: 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x0 Absolute fuzzy scn: 0x0000.00000000 Recovery fuzzy scn: 0x0000.00000000 08/10/2006 10:46:03 Terminal Recovery Stamp scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00

 

注意，这其中"FILE HEADER"开始的信息就是来自数据文件头，之前的相关内容来自控制文件。

我们可以在mount状态下将myoracle01.dbf文件移除:

 

[oracle@jumper myoracle]$ mv myoracle01.dbf myoracle01.dbf.n [oracle@jumper myoracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 10 21:44:10 2006 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production With the Partitioning option JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name file_hdrs level 10'; Session altered. SQL> !

 

则"FILE HEADER"部分信息将无法获得。

 

DATA FILE #4:   (name #4) /opt/oracle/oradata/myoracle/myoracle01.dbf creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xe head=4 tail=4 dup=1  tablespace 4, index=4 krfil=4 prev_file=0  unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00  Checkpoint cnt:53 scn: 0x0000.002ac5f9 08/10/2006 20:58:21  Stop scn: 0x0000.002ac5f9 08/10/2006 20:58:21  Creation Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.0015078d 06/06/2006 09:41:54  thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)  enabled  threads:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000  Offline scn: 0x0000.00000000 prev_range: 0  Online Checkpointed at scn:  0x0000.00000000  thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)  enabled  threads:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000   00000000 00000000  Hot Backup end marker scn: 0x0000.00000000  aux_file is NOT DEFINED ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 4: '/opt/oracle/oradata/myoracle/myoracle01.dbf' *** Error 1157 in open/read file # 4 *** DUMP OF TEMP FILES: 0 files in database

 

此时报出的错误是，文件无法找到，也就是说当我们执行trace file_hdrs时需要读取数据文件头，获得相关信息。