Fragment使用（二），FragmentTransaction管理Fragment

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-02 12:40:25 发布

charles_lun

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-02 12:40:25 发布

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分类专栏： Fragment 文章标签： fragment

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_17508977/article/details/44110733

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这篇blog主要是展示FragmentTransaction来管理Fragment，来达到Fragment的切换效果。
首先，来介绍一下google api关于FragmentTransaction的一些常用方法：

1,add (int containerViewId, Fragment fragment):
相信大家对这个方法比较熟悉，就是把Fragment添加到Activity中，这个Fragment（Fragment.onCreateView{returns non-null}）可以把他的视图任意的插入Activity的容器视图

2,show(Fragment fragment):
显示先前隐藏的fragment,只适用那些视图已经被添加到容器中的Fragment,也就是说：在不确定的情况下，要先Fragment.isAdd()

3,hide(Fragment fragment):
隐藏已经存在的fragment,只适用那些视图已经被添加到容器中的Fragment,也就是说：在不确定的情况下，要先Fragment.isAdd()

4,addToBackStack(String name):
添加事务到backStack,也就是说当transaction.commit()调用之后，会记住这个transaction,随后当点击back键的时候，会从backStack中弹出，显示先前fragment状态。这样就能明白这个方法的使用时机了吧。(demo里我使用了这个方法，你可以试下back键的效果)

5，commit():普通提交

6,commitAllowingStateLoss():
效果很像commit,但是允许在activity状态保存之后提交。这是比较危险的，当activity重新restore的时候，commit有可能会丢失。因此使用时机是：当UI状态意外改变，对用户影响不大

7，replace(int containerViewId, Fragment fragment):
=remove(Fragment)+add(int,Fragment),即：先移除所有已经添加的Fragment,在添加目标fragment.

8,remove(Fragment fragment):
移除一个已经存在的fragment

先看下效果图：
这里写图片描述

下面开始贴代码（因为不难理解，所以我没有添加注释）：
1，main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#00ffff"
    android:id="@+id/parent"
    >

   <FrameLayout 
       android:id="@+id/framelayout"
       android:background="#ffffff"
       android:layout_width="match_parent"
       android:layout_height="0dp"
       android:layout_weight="1">


   </FrameLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:weightSum="2" >


        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/weixin"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_weixin_normal"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="微信" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/friend"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_find_frd_normal"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="找朋友" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/address"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_address_normal"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="地址" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/setting"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_settings_normal"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="设置" />
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

2,MainActivity.java

package com.example.fragmentmanager2;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnClickListener {

    private FrameLayout frame;
    private TextView weixin;
    private TextView friend;
    private TextView address;
    private TextView setting;
    private FragmentManager manager;

    private AFragment a;
    private BFragment b;
    private CFragment c;
    private DFragment d;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        initViews();
        selectTab(0);
    }

    private void initViews() {
        weixin = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.weixin);
        weixin.setOnClickListener(this);
        friend = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.friend);
        friend.setOnClickListener(this);
        address = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.address);
        address.setOnClickListener(this);
        setting = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.setting);
        setting.setOnClickListener(this);
        frame = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.framelayout);
    }

    private void resetBtn() {
        weixin.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                R.drawable.tab_weixin_normal, 0, 0);
        friend.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                R.drawable.tab_find_frd_normal, 0, 0);
        address.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                R.drawable.tab_address_normal, 0, 0);
        setting.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                R.drawable.tab_settings_normal, 0, 0);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {

        switch (v.getId()) {
        case R.id.weixin:
            selectTab(0);
            break;
        case R.id.friend:
            selectTab(1);
            break;
        case R.id.address:
            selectTab(2);
            break;
        case R.id.setting:
            selectTab(3);
            break;
        }
    }

    private void selectTab(int index) {
        resetBtn();
        FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
        hideFragments(transaction);
        switch (index) {
        case 0:
            weixin.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                    R.drawable.tab_weixin_pressed, 0, 0);
            if (a == null) {
                a = new AFragment();
                transaction.add(R.id.framelayout, a);
            } else {
                Log.i("mess", "aaaa---"+a.isAdded());
                if (a.isAdded()) {
                    transaction.show(a);
                }
            }
            break;
        case 1:
            friend.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                    R.drawable.tab_find_frd_pressed, 0, 0);
            if (b == null) {
                b = new BFragment();
                transaction.add(R.id.framelayout, b).addToBackStack(null);
            } else {
                Log.i("mess", "bbbb---"+b.isAdded());
                if (b.isAdded()) {
                    transaction.show(b);
                }
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            address.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                    R.drawable.tab_address_pressed, 0, 0);
            if (c == null) {
                c = new CFragment();
                transaction.add(R.id.framelayout, c).addToBackStack(null);
            } else {
                Log.i("mess", "cccc---"+c.isAdded());
                if (c.isAdded()) {
                    transaction.show(c);
                } 
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            setting.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0,
                    R.drawable.tab_settings_pressed, 0, 0);
            if (d == null) {
                d = new DFragment();
                transaction.add(R.id.framelayout, d).addToBackStack(null);
            } else {
                Log.i("mess", "dddd---"+d.isAdded());
                if (d.isAdded()) {
                    transaction.show(d);
                } 
            }
            break;
        }
        transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
    }

    private void hideFragments(FragmentTransaction transaction) {
        if (a != null) {
            transaction.hide(a);
        }
        if (b != null) {
            transaction.hide(b);
        }
        if (c != null) {
            transaction.hide(c);
        }
        if (d != null) {
            transaction.hide(d);
        }

    }

}

3,a.xml(其他类似，只是text不同)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#fffff000"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="这是a"
        android:textSize="20sp" />
    <EditText
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

4，AFragment.java(其他的类似，只是R.layout不同)

package com.example.fragmentmanager2;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * 项目名称：FragmentManager2 
 * 类名称：AFragment  
 * 类描述： 
 * 创建人：lc 
 * 创建时间：2015-2-11 下午4:18:05
 * 修改人：131 
 * 修改时间：2015-2-11 下午4:18:05 
 * 修改备注：
 * 
 * @version
 * 
 */
@SuppressLint("NewApi")  
public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private View rootView;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
            @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (null == rootView) {
            rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.a, container, false);
        } else {
            // 防止重复加载，出现闪退
            if (null != rootView) {
                ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup) rootView.getParent();
                if (null != parent) {
                    parent.removeView(rootView);
                }
            }
        }
        return rootView;
    }

}