Promise摘要笔记

1. Why Promise
    
   • 避免回调地狱
   • 可链式调用
   • 支持try catch语法
   • 有catch链式方法
2. ajax调用
    

   function getData(url, success, fail) {
       var ajaxRequest = new XMLHttpReqeust();
       ajaxRequest.open('GET', url);
       ajaxRequest.onreadystatechange = function() {
           if(this.readystate !== 4) { return; }
           if(this.status === 200) {
               success(this.response);
           } else {
               fail(new Error(this.statusText));    
           }
       } 
       ajaxRequest.send();
   }

3. 实例化 

   var promsie = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){})

4. 将回调函数转化成Promise
   
   Callback:

   var callbackFun = function(cb) {
       setTimeout(function(){
           cb();
       }, 1000);
   }

   Promise:

   var promise = function() {
       return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
           setTimeout(function() {
               resolve();
           }, 1000)
       });
   }
   
   promise().then(function(){
       cb();
   });

5. 手写node.js的util.promisify()方法
   • util.promisefy方法
      

     // fs.readFile
     var fs = require('fs'); // Commonjs
     fs.readFile('./text.json', 'utf-8', function(err, res){
         console.log(res);
     });
     
     //util.promisify()
     var readFilePromise = require('util').promisify(fs.readFile);
     readFilePromise('./text.json', 'utf-8').then(function(res) {
         console.log(res);
     }, function(err) {console.error(err)});
     

   • 手写promisify
      

     var fs = require('fs');
     
     var promisify = function(fun) {
         return function(...args) {
             return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                 args.push(function(err, res) {
                     if(err) reject(err);
                     resolve(res);
                 })
                 fun.apply(fun, args);
             });
         }
     }
     
     var readFilePro = promisify(fs.readFile);
     readFilePro('./promise-test.js', 'utf-8').then(function(res) {
         console.log("test");
         console.log(res);
     })

     
      
6. Promise规范摘要
   • 三种状态：等待(pending)， 已完成(fulfilled)， 已拒绝(rejected)
   • thenable: then方法return一个promise； then可被调用多次；
7. Promise静态方法
   • Promise.resolve()
   • Promise.reject()
   • Promise.all([promise1, promise2])
   • Promise.race()
8. 面试题测试
    

   //Q: 给出以下代码的输出
   
   var promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){reject();})
   promise.then(null, function() {
       console.log('promise status is rejected');
       return 123 
   })
   .then(null, null)
   .then(null, null)
   .then(function(res) {
       console.log(res);
       console.log("promise status is completed");
   }, function(e) {
       console.log(e);
       console.log("promise status is rejected finally");
   });
   
   //Output is:
   //    promise status is rejected
   //    123
   //    promise status is completed