class_getInstanceMethod和class_getClassMethod的区别

今天在学习runtime的method_exchangeImplementations进行方法交换的时候,将class_getInstanceMethod方法误写成class_getClassMethod,结果发现方法交换失败,

找了好久发现在获取方法的时候写错了;

先简单介绍下这两个方法是干什么用的:

class_getInstanceMethod      得到类的实例方法

class_getClassMethod          得到类的类方法 

从官方文档中我们可以看到:

/** 
 * Returns a specified instance method for a given class.
 * 
 * @param cls The class you want to inspect.
 * @param name The selector of the method you want to retrieve.
 * 
 * @return The method that corresponds to the implementation of the selector specified by 
 *  \e name for the class specified by \e cls, or \c NULL if the specified class or its 
 *  superclasses do not contain an instance method with the specified selector.
 *
 * @note This function searches superclasses for implementations, whereas \c class_copyMethodList does not.
 */
OBJC_EXPORT Method class_getInstanceMethod(Class cls, SEL name)
    __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_0, __IPHONE_2_0);

/** 
 * Returns a pointer to the data structure describing a given class method for a given class.
 * 
 * @param cls A pointer to a class definition. Pass the class that contains the method you want to retrieve.
 * @param name A pointer of type \c SEL. Pass the selector of the method you want to retrieve.
 * 
 * @return A pointer to the \c Method data structure that corresponds to the implementation of the 
 *  selector specified by aSelector for the class specified by aClass, or NULL if the specified 
 *  class or its superclasses do not contain an instance method with the specified selector.
 *
 * @note Note that this function searches superclasses for implementations, 
 *  whereas \c class_copyMethodList does not.
 */
OBJC_EXPORT Method class_getClassMethod(Class cls, SEL name)
    __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_0, __IPHONE_2_0);

好了废话不多说,上代码来说明一下:

DEMO:

测试所用的Person类:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Person : NSObject

@property(nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString * name;

+(Person *)sharedManager;

- (instancetype)init;

+ (void) printDZ;

- (void) printDZL;

@end



#import "Person.h"

@interface Person ()

@property(nonatomic, strong) NSString * sex;

@end

@implementation Person


+(Person *)sharedManager
{
        static Person *sharedManager;
        static dispatch_once_t onceTest;
        dispatch_once(&onceTest, ^{
                sharedManager = [[Person alloc] init];
            });
        NSLog(@"+ method");
        return sharedManager;
}


- (instancetype)init
{
        self = [super init];
        if (self) {
                self = [super init];
                self.sex = @"-----------";
                self.age = 19;
                self.name = @"sb";
            }
        return self;
}

+ (void)printDZ
{
        NSLog(@"this is a class method");
}

- (void)printDZL
{
        NSLog(@"this is a instance method");
}

@end

测试Demo:

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    
    Person * p1 = [[Person alloc] init];
    
    Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));
    Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));
        NSLog(@"测试前：");
        [p1 printDZL];
        [Person printDZ];
        method_exchangeImplementations(m1, m2);
        NSLog(@"测试后：");
        [p1 printDZL];
        [Person printDZ];
    
}

输出:

2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] 测试前：
2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a instance method
2016-06-30 22:37:08.539 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a class method
2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] 测试后：
2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a class method
2016-06-30 22:37:08.540 02-runtime[2776:69899] this is a instance method

由输出可见，方法体交换了，说明class_getInstanceMethod成功得到了实例方法，class_getClassMethod成功得到了类方法

但是当用class_getInstanceMethod来取类方法，用class_getClassMethod来取实例方法时：

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    
    Person * p1 = [[Person alloc] init];
    
    //    Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));
    //    Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));
    Method m1 = class_getInstanceMethod([Person class], @selector(printDZ));
    Method m2 = class_getClassMethod([p1 class], @selector(printDZL));
    NSLog(@"测试前：");
    [p1 printDZL];
    [Person printDZ];
    method_exchangeImplementations(m1, m2);
    NSLog(@"测试后：");
    [p1 printDZL];
    [Person printDZ];
}

输出:

2016-06-30 22:38:10.050 02-runtime[2793:70426] 测试前：
2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a instance method
2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a class method
2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] 测试后：
2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a instance method
2016-06-30 22:38:10.051 02-runtime[2793:70426] this is a class method

由输出可见，没有发生交换，可知这样是取不到的。

参考: http://blog.csdn.net/lvdezhou/article/details/49636561