Spring4-事物控制

事物概念

完成一件事物需要执行多个操作,那么在之前操作进行后,后面的操作可能会产生异常,此时就需要一个事物管理的方法保证数据安全。

实例概述

本实例模拟一个买书的过程,在交易过程中如果发生问题,那么事物就会回滚以保证数据安全。

环境配置

源码

  • BooksShopDao
package com.spring.xml.tx;

public interface BooksShopDao {
    //1-根据书号获取单价
    public double findBookPriceByIsbn(int isbn);
    //2-更新书的库存使之 -1
    public void updateBookStock(int isbn);
    //3-更新用户余额
    public void updateUserAccount(int userNo,double price);


}

-BookShopDaoImpl

package com.spring.xml.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;


public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BooksShopDao{

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate=null;

public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
    this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
    @Override
    public double findBookPriceByIsbn(int isbn) {
        String sql="select price from t_book where isbn=?";
        double price= jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Double.class,isbn);
        return price;
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBookStock(int isbn) {
        /*
         * 检查库存是否足够
         * */
        String sql2="SELECT stock from t_book_stock where isbn=? ";
        int stock=jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class,isbn);
        if(stock==0){
            throw new BookShopException("库存不足");
        }

        String sql="update t_book_stock set stock=stock-1 where isbn=?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,isbn);

    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserAccount(int userNo, double price) {



        String sql="update t_account set balance=balance-? where user_NO=?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,price,userNo);

        /*
         * 检查余额
         * */
        String sql2="SELECT balance from t_account where user_no=? ";
        double balance=jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Double.class,userNo);
        if(balance<0){
            throw new BookShopException("余额不足");
        }
    }

}
  • BookShopService
package com.spring.xml.tx;

public interface BookShopService {
    public void purchase(int isdn,int userNo);
}
  • BookShopServiceImpl
package com.spring.xml.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.mchange.v2.log.FallbackMLog;

public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService{


    private BooksShopDao bookShopDao=null;

    public void setBookShopDao(BooksShopDao booksShopDao) {
        this.bookShopDao = booksShopDao;
    }

    //添加事物注解

    //1-指定事物的传播行为,即当前的事物被另外的事物方法调用时
        // 如何使用事物  ,默认  -REQUIRED   使用另外事物的事物控制
        // REQUIRES_NEW   使用自己的事物


    /*2-
     * 默认情况下 spring的声明事物对所有的运行时异常进行回滚
     * 也可以通过对应的属性进行设置   通过设置 noRollbackFor可以设置那些不回滚
     * 通常情况下 取默认值即可
     * 3-使用readonly 指定事物是否为只读 表示这个事物只读取但不更新数据
     * 这样可以帮助数据库引擎优化事物  ,如果一个事物真的只有能读取数据库的操作,那么应该设置readOnly =true
     * 
     * 4- 使用timeOut 指定事物强制回滚之前最常占用的时间
     * */


    @Override
    public void purchase(int isdn, int userNo) {
        /*
         * 


        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         * */

        // 1- 获取单价
        double price= bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isdn);
        //2-更新库存
        bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isdn);
        //3-更新余额

        bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(userNo, price);

    }

}
  • Cashier
package com.spring.xml.tx;

import java.util.List;

public interface Cashier {
    public void checkOut(int userNo,List<Integer> isdn);

}
  • CashierImpl
package com.spring.xml.tx;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {


    private BookShopService bookShopService;
    public void setBookShopService(BookShopService bookShopService) {
        this.bookShopService = bookShopService;
    }

    //指定事物的传播行为,即当前的事物被另外的事物方法调用时
    // 如何使用事物  ,默认  -REQUIRED   使用另外事物的事物控制
    // REQUIRES_NEW   使用自己的事物



    public void checkOut(int userNo, List<Integer> isdn) {
        for(int isdn1:isdn){
            bookShopService.purchase(isdn1, userNo);
        }

    }

}
  • BookShopException
package com.spring.xml.tx;

public class BookShopException extends RuntimeException {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public BookShopException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookShopException(String message, Throwable cause,
            boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookShopException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookShopException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookShopException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }



}

-JunitTest

package com.spring.xml.tx;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mysql.fabric.xmlrpc.base.Array;

public class JunitTest {

    private  ApplicationContext ctx=null;
    private BooksShopDao booksShopDao=null;
    private BookShopService bookShopService=null;
    private Cashier cashier=null;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean-xml-tx.xml");
        booksShopDao= ctx.getBean(BooksShopDao.class);
        bookShopService=(BookShopService) ctx.getBean("bookShopService");
        cashier=(Cashier) ctx.getBean("cashier");
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void testThransactionPropagation(){
        cashier.checkOut(1001, Arrays.asList(1001,1002));
    }



    @Test
    public void testBookShopService(){
        bookShopService.purchase(1001, 1001);
    }

    @Test
    public void testBookShopDaoGetPriceByIsdn() {
        double price=booksShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(1002);
        System.out.println(price);
    }



    //更新书店存量,存量-1 
    @Test
    public void testBookShopDaoUpdateBookStock() {
        booksShopDao.updateBookStock(1002);

    }

    //更新余额, 
        @Test
        public void testBookShopDaoUpdateUserBalance() {
            booksShopDao.updateUserAccount(1001, 100);

        }

}
  • db.properties
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=admin
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///springJdbc
jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
  • bean-jdbc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 导入资源文件  com/spring/jdbc/db  -->
<context:property-placeholder location="com/spring/jdbc/db.properties" /> 


<!-- 配置   c3p0 数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置spring 的jdbctemplate -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.spring"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 具名参数 -->
<bean id="namedParameterJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 启用事物注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

Notes

  • 本例使用的是注解的方式配置事务管理 也可以通过配置文件的方式来实现

附录

  • 通过配置文件来配置事物管理

  • bean-xml-tx.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 导入资源文件  com/spring/jdbc/db  -->
<context:property-placeholder location="com/spring/jdbc/db.properties" /> 

<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.spring"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 配置   c3p0 数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置spring 的jdbctemplate -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置Bean -->
<bean id="bookShopDao" class="com.spring.xml.tx.BookShopDaoImpl">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property></bean>

<bean id="bookShopService" class="com.spring.xml.tx.BookShopServiceImpl">
<property name="bookShopDao" ref="bookShopDao"></property></bean>

<bean id="cashier" class="com.spring.xml.tx.CashierImpl">
<property name="bookShopService" ref="bookShopService"></property></bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property></bean>

<!-- 配置事物属性 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes> 
<tx:method name="purchase"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="false"/>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="false"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!-- 配置事物切点 ,以及把书屋切入点和事物属性关联起来-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.spring.xml.tx.BookShopService.*(..))"
 id="txPointCut"/>
 <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
</aop:config>

</beans>
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