android中EventBus总线框架的使用

android中用于解耦的框架有EventBus，Otto,Rx系列。

本章先来说说对EventBus的使用。

引用一个图片：

EventBus使用分为3步：

1.定义event事件，就是一个自定义的类，类的作用要能用来携带数据和区分事件类型。

public class MessageEvent {
    public final String message;
    public int eventType;

    public MessageEvent(String message,int eventType) {
        this.message = message;
        this.eventType = eventType;
    }
}

2.订阅事件：

注册和注销总线，

@Override
public void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    EventBus.getDefault().register(this);
}


@Override
public void onStop() {
   EventBus.getDefault().unregister(this);
    super.onStop();
}

接收发布结果

// This method will be called when a MessageEvent is posted (in the UI thread for Toast)
@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.MAIN)
public void onMessageEvent(MessageEvent event) {
    Toast.makeText(getActivity(), event.message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

3.发布事件：

所有注册了该事件的订阅者都会收到该事件

EventBus.getDefault().post(new MessageEvent("Hello everyone!"));

事件接收后，可以选择在哪个线程模型中使用：
1.ThreadMode: POSTING
2 ThreadMode: MAIN
3 ThreadMode: BACKGROUND
4 ThreadMode: ASYNC

@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.POSTING) // ThreadMode is optional here
public void onMessage(MessageEvent event) {
    log(event.message);
}
与post处于同一线程，是默认的处理模型。

// Called in Android UI's main thread
@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.MAIN)
public void onMessage(MessageEvent event) {
    textField.setText(event.message);
}
主线程中处理，更新Ui

// Called in the background thread
@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.BACKGROUND)
public void onMessage(MessageEvent event){
    saveToDisk(event.message);
}
如果发布事件是在主线程，那么这里的执行就在子线程；如果发布事件是在子线程，那么这里执行所在的线程与发布所在线程处于同一个线程。

// Called in a separate thread
@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.ASYNC)
public void onMessage(MessageEvent event){
    backend.send(event.message);
}
另起一个线程来处理。

4.一个小例子：

运行截图：

说明了在发布事件处于UI和子线程情况下，使用不同的线程模型接收事件的结果；

发布事件在主线程的情况：

发布事件在子线程的情况：

具体代码如下：

所有事件的基类：其他事件继承该类；

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class BaseEvent {
	private int eventType;

	public BaseEvent(int eventType) {
		super();
		this.eventType = eventType;
	}

	public int getEventType() {
		return eventType;
	}

	public void postEvent() {
		EventBus.getDefault().post(this);
	}

}</span>

所有的事件类型定义：用一个整形值来区分不同事件

<span style="font-size:14px;">public interface EventType {
	public static final int CONSTANT = 1;
	public static final int EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG = CONSTANT << 1;
}</span>

自定义的一个事件类型：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class SendMsgEvent extends BaseEvent {

	public SendMsgEvent(int eventType) {
		super(eventType);
	}

	public String msg;

}</span>

MainActivity.java

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private TextView tv_async;
	private TextView tv_background;
	private TextView tv_main;
	private TextView tv_post;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		// EventBus注册，订阅事件
		EventBus.getDefault().register(this);

		tv_async = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_async);
		tv_background = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_background);
		tv_main = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main);
		tv_post = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_post); 

		findViewById(R.id.bt_main).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// 发布事件
				sendMsg();
			}
		});

		findViewById(R.id.bt_sub).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// 发布事件
				new Thread() {
					public void run() {
						sendMsg();
					};
				}.start();

			}
		});
	}

	// 处理订阅的事件，android中常用这个，方法名任意只要有注解就行
	@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.MAIN)
	public void onMessage_Main(BaseEvent event) {
		switch (event.getEventType()) {
		case EventType.EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG:
			SendMsgEvent sendMsgEvent = (SendMsgEvent) event;
			disText(tv_main,sendMsgEvent.msg);
			break;
		}
	}

	@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.ASYNC)
	public void onMessage_Async(BaseEvent event) {
		switch (event.getEventType()) {
		case EventType.EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG:
			SendMsgEvent sendMsgEvent = (SendMsgEvent) event;
			disText(tv_async,sendMsgEvent.msg);
			break;
		}
	}

	@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.POSTING)
	public void onMessage_Post(BaseEvent event) {
		switch (event.getEventType()) {
		case EventType.EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG:
			SendMsgEvent sendMsgEvent = (SendMsgEvent) event;
			disText(tv_post,sendMsgEvent.msg);
			break;
		}
	}

	@Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.BACKGROUND)
	public void onMessage_Background(BaseEvent event) {
		switch (event.getEventType()) {
		case EventType.EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG:
			SendMsgEvent sendMsgEvent = (SendMsgEvent) event;
			disText(tv_background,sendMsgEvent.msg);
			break;
		}
	}

	private void disText(final TextView tv, final String msg) { 
		final String processThread = Thread.currentThread().getName();
		tv.post(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				tv.setText(msg+"\n process event in "+processThread);   
			}
		});
	}

	private void sendMsg() {
		SendMsgEvent sendMsgEvent = new SendMsgEvent(
				EventType.EVENT_TYPE_SENDMSG);
		sendMsgEvent.msg = "post event in " + Thread.currentThread().getName();
		sendMsgEvent.postEvent();
	}

	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();
		// EventBus注销，取消订阅事件
		EventBus.getDefault().unregister(this);
	}
}</span>

activity_main.xml

<span style="font-size:14px;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="send in maintThread" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_sub"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="send in subThread" />
    
      <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="result:\nmain\npost\nasync\nbackground" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="result" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_post"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="result" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_async"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="result" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_background"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"
        android:text="result" />

</LinearLayout></span>