让C# Excel导入导出，支持不同版本的Office

问题：最近在项目中遇到，不同客户机安装不同Office版本，在导出Excel时，发生错误。

找不到Excel Com组件，错误信息如下。

未能加载文件或程序集“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c”或它的某一个依赖项。系统找不到指定的文件。

解决方法：

　　1.引用高版本的的Excel.dll组件，最新版本14.0.0 防止客户安装高版本如Office不能导出。

　　（DLL组件可以兼容低版本，不能兼容高版本）

      2.右键DLL属性，将引用的Excel.dll组件，嵌入互操作类型为True，特定版本=false .这一步非常关键。

　　　　嵌入互操作类型 改成True后，生成时可能现有调用Excel的代码会报错，引用Microsoft.CSharp 命名空间，可以解决此问题。

      3.引用Excel 14.0.0 DLL组件方法，vs2012 右键添加引用->程序集->扩展->Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

　　Excel.dll     http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.rar

      

其他方法：

　　1.使用NPOI.DLL开源组件，可以不安装Office软件，进行读写Excel文件。

　　NPIO.dll     http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/NPOI.rar

调用方法如下：

导出代码：

/// <summary>
    /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream Export()
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dtSource">DataTable数据源</param>
    /// <param name="strHeaderText">Excel表头文本（例如：车辆列表）</param>
    public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText)
    {
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
        
        #region 右击文件 属性信息
        {
            DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
            dsi.Company = "NPOI";
            workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;

            SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
            si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
            si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
            si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
            si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
            si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息
            si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息
            si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now;
            workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
        }
        #endregion

        ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
        IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
        dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
        
        //取得列宽
        int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
        foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
        {
            arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
            {
                int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length;
                if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                {
                    arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                }
            }
        }
        int rowIndex = 0;
        foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
        {
            #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式
            if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
            {
                if (rowIndex != 0)
                {
                    sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
                }

                #region 表头及样式
                {
                    IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
                    headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
                    headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);

                    ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                    headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; 
                    IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                    font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
                    font.Boldweight = 700;
                    headStyle.SetFont(font);
                    headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
                    sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); 
                }
                #endregion

                #region 列头及样式
                {
                    IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);
                    ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                    headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; 
                    IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                    font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
                    font.Boldweight = 700;
                    headStyle.SetFont(font);
                    foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                    {
                        headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
                        headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;

                        //设置列宽
                        sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256);
                    }
                }
                #endregion

                rowIndex = 2;
            }
            #endregion

            #region 填充内容
            IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
            foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
            {
                ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);

                string drValue = row[column].ToString();

                switch (column.DataType.ToString())
                {
                    case "System.String"://字符串类型
                        newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                        break;
                    case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
                        System.DateTime dateV;
                        System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                        newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);

                        newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示
                        break;
                    case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
                        bool boolV = false;
                        bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                        newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                        break;
                    case "System.Int16"://整型
                    case "System.Int32":
                    case "System.Int64":
                    case "System.Byte":
                        int intV = 0;
                        int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                        newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                        break;
                    case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
                    case "System.Double":
                        double doubV = 0;
                        double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                        newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                        break;
                    case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
                        newCell.SetCellValue("");
                        break;
                    default:
                        newCell.SetCellValue("");
                        break;
                }
            }
            #endregion

            rowIndex++;
        }
        using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
        {
            workbook.Write(ms);
            ms.Flush();
            ms.Position = 0;
            sheet.Dispose();
            return ms;
        }
    }

导入代码：

/// <summary>
    /// 读取excel ,默认第一行为标头
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static DataTable Import(string strFileName)
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();

        HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
        using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
        {
            hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
        }
        ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0);
        System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();

        IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
        int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

        for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++)
        {
            ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j);
            dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());
        }

        for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
        {
            IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
            DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();

            for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
            {
                if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                    dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
            }

            dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
        }
        return dt;
    }

     2.使用C#发射方式调用Excel进行，不需要引用Excel.dll组件。此种方法不建议，太麻烦，也需要安装Office。

      调用方法如下：

private void Export2Excel(DataGridView datagridview, bool captions)
        {
            object objApp_Late;
            object objBook_Late;
            object objBooks_Late;
            object objSheets_Late;
            object objSheet_Late;
            object objRange_Late;
            object[] Parameters;

            string[] headers = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
            string[] columns = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
            string[] colName = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];

            int i = 0;
            int c = 0;
            int m = 0;

            for (c = 0; c < datagridview.Columns.Count; c++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < datagridview.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    DataGridViewColumn tmpcol = datagridview.Columns[j];
                    if (tmpcol.DisplayIndex == c)
                    {
                        if (tmpcol.Visible) //不显示的隐藏列初始化为tag＝0
                        {
                            headers[c - m] = tmpcol.HeaderText;
                            i = c - m + 65;
                            columns[c - m] = Convert.ToString((char)i);
                            colName[c - m] = tmpcol.Name;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            m++;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            try
            {
                // Get the class type and instantiate Excel.
                Type objClassType;
                objClassType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
                objApp_Late = Activator.CreateInstance(objClassType);
                //Get the workbooks collection.
                objBooks_Late = objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Workbooks", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objApp_Late, null);
                //Add a new workbook.
                objBook_Late = objBooks_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Add", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, objBooks_Late, null);
                //Get the worksheets collection.
                objSheets_Late = objBook_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Worksheets", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objBook_Late, null);
                //Get the first worksheet.
                Parameters = new Object[1];
                Parameters[0] = 1;
                objSheet_Late = objSheets_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheets_Late, Parameters);

                if (captions)
                {
                    // Create the headers in the first row of the sheet
                    for (c = 0; c < datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true); c++)
                    {
                        //Get a range object that contains cell.
                        Parameters = new Object[2];
                        Parameters[0] = columns[c] + "1";
                        Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
                        objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
                        //Write Headers in cell.
                        Parameters = new Object[1];
                        Parameters[0] = headers[c];
                        objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
                    }
                }

                // Now add the data from the grid to the sheet starting in row 2
                for (i = 0; i < datagridview.RowCount; i++)
                {
                    c = 0;
                    foreach (string txtCol in colName)
                    {
                        DataGridViewColumn col = datagridview.Columns[txtCol];
                        if (col.Visible)
                        {
                            //Get a range object that contains cell.
                            Parameters = new Object[2];
                            Parameters[0] = columns[c] + Convert.ToString(i + 2);
                            Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
                            objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
                            //Write Headers in cell.
                            Parameters = new Object[1];
                            //Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[headers[c]].Value.ToString();
                            Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[col.Name].Value.ToString();
                            objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
                            c++;
                        }

                    }
                }

                //Return control of Excel to the user.
                Parameters = new Object[1];
                Parameters[0] = true;
                objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Visible", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
                null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
                objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("UserControl", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
                null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
            }
            catch (Exception theException)
            {
                String errorMessage;
                errorMessage = "Error: ";
                errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Message);
                errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, " Line: ");
                errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Source);

                MessageBox.Show(errorMessage, "Error");
            }
        }

导出

System.Type ExcelType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;