hiberante框架简单使用

一、下载相关jar

二、hibernate.cfg.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC  
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"  
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">  
  
<hibernate-configuration>  
    <session-factory >  
        <!-- mysql数据库驱动 -->  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>  
        <!-- mysql数据库名称 -->  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.36:1521:orcl</property>  
        <!-- 数据库的登陆用户名 -->  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">nbis_data_ect_dev</property>  
        <!-- 数据库的登陆密码 -->  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">nbis_data_ect_dev</property>  
        <!-- 方言：为每一种数据库提供适配器，方便转换 -->  
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>  
      	<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>  
      
        <mapping class="com.hibernate.model.Student"/>
        <mapping class="com.hibernate.model.Teacher"/>

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><!-- 如果没有使用注解的情况 -->
        <mapping resource="Student.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>  
    
</hibernate-configuration>  

三、Student.java

package com.hibernate.model;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.SequenceGenerator;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_student")
public class Student {
	@SequenceGenerator(sequenceName="t_student_SEQ",name="idGen", allocationSize=1)
	@Id
//	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="idGen")
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator="idGen")
	@Column(name="ID")
	private long id;
	
	@Column(name="NAME")
	private String name;
	
	@Column(name="AGE")
	private Integer age;
	
	@Column(name="PASSWORD")
	private String password;
	
	/*@OneToMany(mappedBy="std",cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
	private List<Teacher> teachers;*/

	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	/*public List<Teacher> getTeachers() {
		return teachers;
	}

	public void setTeachers(List<Teacher> teachers) {
		this.teachers = teachers;
	}*/
	
}

四、Teacher.java

package com.hibernate.model;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_teacher")
public class Teacher {
	@SequenceGenerator(sequenceName="t_teacher_seq",name="idGen", allocationSize=1)
	@Id
//	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="idGen")
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator="idGen")
	@Column(name="ID")
	private long id;
	
	@Column(name="NAME")
	private String name;
	
	@Column(name="AGE")
	private Integer age;
	
	@Column(name="PASSWORD")
	private String password;
	
	@Column(name="std_id", insertable = false, updatable = false)
	private long stdId;
	
	@ManyToOne(targetEntity = Student.class)
	@JoinColumn(name="std_id",referencedColumnName = "id")
	private Student std;
	

	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public long getStdId() {
		return stdId;
	}

	public void setStdId(long stdId) {
		this.stdId = stdId;
	}

	public Student getStd() {
		return std;
	}

	public void setStd(Student std) {
		this.std = std;
	}
	
	
}

五、测试类StudentTest.java

package com.hibernate.test;


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.transaction.Transaction;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import com.hibernate.model.Student;
import com.hibernate.model.Teacher;


public class StudentTest{

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws Exception 
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration config = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure();  
        SessionFactory factory = config.buildSessionFactory();  
          
        Session session = factory.openSession();  
          
        
        Student std = new Student();
        std.setName("WangWu");
        std.setAge(18);
        std.setPassword("12345");
        
        Teacher tea1 = new Teacher();  
        tea1.setName("LiPing"); 
        tea1.setAge(45);
        tea1.setPassword("12345");
        tea1.setStd(std);
        
        
        try{  
            session.beginTransaction(); 
            //session.save(std);  
            //session.save(tea1); 
            
            Object obj = session.load(Student.class, 17l);
            session.refresh(obj);
            Object obj1 = session.load(Student.class, 17l);
            System.out.println("load.....");
            
            String str= "from Teacher";
            Query query = session.createQuery(str);
            List<?> list = query.list();
            
            session.getTransaction().commit();  
        }catch(Exception e){  
        	System.out.println(e);
            session.getTransaction().rollback();  
        }finally{  
            session.close();  
            factory.close();  
        }  
		
	}

}

使用反射模拟实现hibernate

一个对象要存进数据库中,一般需要通过JDBC连接数据库,创建SQL语句,执行execute或executeUpdate方法,

步骤很多,过程很繁琐,并且SQL语句不是面向对象的语言.

hibernate这种方式是面向对象的

.hibernate两端连接着对象和数据库,

是一种ORM对象关系映射,

通过操作对象与关系数据库建立关联,进行数据库的增删改查,

简化了编程,并且跨数据库平台,只要说明使用的方言,就会自动转换为各种数据库的操作.

模拟思路-------------

1.首先建立一个实体类.例如Student

Student.Java

 

public class Student {  
    private int id;  
    private String name;  
    private int age;  
    public int getId() {  
        return id;  
    }  
    public void setId(int id) {  
        this.id = id;  
    }  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
      
}  

 

2.建立数据库hibernate,建立表student,varchar _id primary key,varchar _name,int _age.Myeclipse中记得导入MySQL的jar包

略

3.建立一个Session类,调用save方法的时候,会根据配置文件读出对应类的内容,自动建立sql语句并执行.

建立映射,把数据库表的名字和类名对应,把数据库表的字段名和属性名对应.

Session.java

 

import java.lang.reflect.Method;  
import java.sql.Connection;  
import java.sql.DriverManager;  
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Map;  
  
public class Session {  
    //表名  
    String tableName = "_Student";  
    //字段名和属性名的Map集合,key为数据库中字段名,value为类中属性名,根据value可以得到所有get方法名  
    Map<String, String> columnsfields = new HashMap<String,String>();  
    String[] methodName;  
      
    //Session构造时初始化信息,如Student类初始化id,name,age属性,数据库字段为_id,_name,_age  
    public Session() {  
        columnsfields.put("_id", "id");  
        columnsfields.put("_name", "name");  
        columnsfields.put("_age", "age");  
        //methodName存储该类的所有get方法名.  
        methodName = new String[columnsfields.size()];  
    }  
    public void save(Student s) throws Exception{  
        String sql = createSQL();  
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/_Student","root","root");  
        PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);  
//      ps.setXXX() = s.getXXX();   
        for(int i = 0 ;i<methodName.length;i++){  
        //根据方法名拿到方法原型.  
            Method m = s.getClass().getMethod(methodName[i]);  
            //根据返回值类型对象得到返回值类名,判断调用PrepareStatement的哪个set方法  
            Class returnType = m.getReturnType();  
            if("java.lang.String".equals(returnType.getName())){  
                String v = (String) m.invoke(s);  
                System.out.println(v);//zhangsan  
                ps.setString(i+1,v);  
            }else if("int".equals(returnType.getName())){  
                Integer v = (Integer) m.invoke(s);  
                System.out.println(v);//1  18  
                ps.setInt(i+1,v);  
            }  
            System.out.println(m.getName()+","+m.getReturnType());  
        }  
        ps.executeUpdate();  
    }  
    //拼SQL的insert语句  
    private String createSQL() {  
        //str1字段名,如_id,_age,_name  
        String str1 = "";  
        int index=0;  
          
        for (String key : columnsfields.keySet()) {  
            //记录角标,得到key对应的value,截取第一个字符变为大写,前面加get,得到get方法名.  
            String v = columnsfields.get(key);  
            v = "get"+Character.toUpperCase(v.charAt(0))+v.substring(1);  
            methodName[index] = v;  
            str1 = str1 + key + ",";  
            index++;  
        }  
        str1 = str1.substring(0,str1.length()-1);  
        System.out.println(str1);//_id,_age,_name  
        //str2问号,如 ?,?,?  
        String str2 = "";  
        for (int i = 0; i < columnsfields.size(); i++) {  
            str2 = str2 + "?,";  
        }  
        str2 = str2.substring(0,str2.length()-1);  
        System.out.println(str2);//?,?,?  
        //拼出的SQL语句  
        String s = "insert into "+tableName+"("+str1+")"+ " values " +"("+str2+")";  
        System.out.println(s);//insert into _Student(_id,_age,_name) values (?,?,?)  
        return s;  
    }  
}  

 

4.测试类,用于测试

TestHibernate.java

 

public class TestHibernate {  
      
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        Student s = new Student();  
        s.setAge(18);  
        s.setId(1);  
        s.setName("zhangsan");  
        Session session = new Session();  
        session.save(s);  
    }  
      
}