base64的实现

一、概念

Base64这个术语最初是在“MIME内容传输编码规范”中提出的。Base64不是一种加密算法，虽然编码后的字符串看起来有点加密的赶脚。它实际上是一种“二进制到文本”的编码方法，它能够将给定的任意二进制数据转换（映射）为ASCII字符串的形式，以便在只支持文本的环境中也能够顺利地传输二进制数据。例如支持MIME的电子邮件应用，或需要在XML中存储复杂数据（例如图片）时。

二、实现

1. CEncryptBase64.h

class CEncryptBase64  
{
public:
    CEncryptBase64();
    virtual ~CEncryptBase64();

    int Encode(const unsigned char* pSrc, char* pDst, int nSrcLen, int nMaxLineLen);
    int Decode(const char* pSrc, unsigned char* pDst, int nSrcLen);
    int SafeDecode(const char* pSrc, int nSrcLen, unsigned char* pDst, int nDestLen);
};

2. EncryptBase64.cpp: implementation of the CEncryptBase64 class.

//

#include "assert.h"
#include "EncryptBase64.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__;
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif

//
// Construction/Destruction
//
const char EnBase64Tab[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; 
const char DeBase64Tab[] =
{
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    62,                                                        // '+'
    0, 0, 0,
    63,                                                        // '/'
    52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,                    // '0'-'9'
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
    13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,        // 'A'-'Z'
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38,
    39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51,        // 'a'-'z'
};

CEncryptBase64::CEncryptBase64()
{

}

CEncryptBase64::~CEncryptBase64()
{

}

int CEncryptBase64::Encode(const unsigned char* pSrc, char* pDst, int nSrcLen, int nMaxLineLen)
{
    unsigned char c1, c2, c3;    // 输入缓冲区读出3个字节
    int nDstLen = 0;             // 输出的字符计数
    int nLineLen = 0;            // 输出的行长度计数
    int nDiv = nSrcLen / 3;      // 输入数据长度除以3得到的倍数
    int nMod = nSrcLen % 3;      // 输入数据长度除以3得到的余数
 
    // 每次取3个字节，编码成4个字符
    for (int i = 0; i < nDiv; i ++)
    {
        // 取3个字节
        c1 = *pSrc++;
        c2 = *pSrc++;
        c3 = *pSrc++;
 
        // 编码成4个字符
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[c1 >> 2];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[((c1 << 4) | (c2 >> 4)) & 0x3f];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[((c2 << 2) | (c3 >> 6)) & 0x3f];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[c3 & 0x3f];
        nLineLen += 4;
        nDstLen += 4;
 
        // 输出换行？
        if (nLineLen > nMaxLineLen - 4)
        {
            *pDst++ = '\r';
            *pDst++ = '\n';
            nLineLen = 0;
            nDstLen += 2;
        }
    }
 
    // 编码余下的字节
    if (nMod == 1)
    {
        c1 = *pSrc++;
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[(c1 & 0xfc) >> 2];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[((c1 & 0x03) << 4)];
        *pDst++ = '=';
        *pDst++ = '=';
        nLineLen += 4;
        nDstLen += 4;
    }
    else if (nMod == 2)
    {
        c1 = *pSrc++;
        c2 = *pSrc++;
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[(c1 & 0xfc) >> 2];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[((c1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xf0) >> 4)];
        *pDst++ = EnBase64Tab[((c2 & 0x0f) << 2)];
        *pDst++ = '=';
        nDstLen += 4;
    }
 
    // 输出加个结束符
    *pDst = '\0';
 
    return nDstLen;
}
 
int CEncryptBase64::Decode(const char* pSrc, unsigned char* pDst, int nSrcLen)
{
    int nDstLen;            // 输出的字符计数
    int nValue;             // 解码用到的长整数
    int i;
 
    i = 0;
    nDstLen = 0;
 
    // 取4个字符，解码到一个长整数，再经过移位得到3个字节
    while (i < nSrcLen)
    {
        if (*pSrc != '\r' && *pSrc!='\n')
        {
            nValue = DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 18;
            nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 12;
            *pDst++ = (nValue & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
            nDstLen++;
 
            if (*pSrc != '=')
            {
                nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 6;
                *pDst++ = (nValue & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
                nDstLen++;
 
                if (*pSrc != '=')
                {
                    nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++];
                    *pDst++ =nValue & 0x000000ff;
                    nDstLen++;
                }
            }
 
            i += 4;
        }
        else        // 回车换行，跳过
        {
            pSrc++;
            i++;
        }
     }
 
    // 输出加个结束符
    *pDst = '\0'; 
    return nDstLen;
}

int CEncryptBase64::SafeDecode(const char* pSrc, int nSrcLen, unsigned char* pDst, int nDestLen)
{
    int nCurDstLen;            // 输出的字符计数
    int nValue;             // 解码用到的长整数
    int i;

    i = 0;
    nCurDstLen = 0;

    // 取4个字符，解码到一个长整数，再经过移位得到3个字节
    while (i < nSrcLen)
    {
        if (*pSrc != '\r' && *pSrc!='\n' && *pSrc < (sizeof(DeBase64Tab)))
        {
            nValue = DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 18;
            nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 12;
            *pDst++ = (nValue & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
            nCurDstLen++;
            assert(nCurDstLen<nDestLen);
            if(nCurDstLen >= nDestLen)
                break;

            if (*pSrc != '=')
            {
                nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++] << 6;
                *pDst++ = (nValue & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
                nCurDstLen++;
                if(nCurDstLen >= nDestLen)
                    break;

                if (*pSrc != '=')
                {
                    nValue += DeBase64Tab[*pSrc++];
                    *pDst++ =nValue & 0x000000ff;
                    nCurDstLen++;
                    if(nCurDstLen >= nDestLen)
                        break;
                }
            }

            i += 4;
        }
        else        // 回车换行，跳过
        {
            pSrc++;
            i++;
        }
    }

    // 输出加个结束符
    if(nCurDstLen < nDestLen)
    *pDst = '\0'; 
    return nCurDstLen;
}