URL Rewrite的实现

URLRewrite就是我们通常说的地址重写，用户得到的全部都是经过处理后的URL地址。其优点有：

（1）提高安全性，可以有效的避免一些参数名、ID等完全暴露在用户面前，如果用户随便乱输的话，不符合规则的话直接会返回个404或错误页面，这比直接返回500或一大堆服务器错误信息要好的多。

（2）美化URL，去除了那些比如*.do之类的后缀名、长长的参数串等，可以自己组织精简更能反映访问模块内容的URL。

（3）更有利于搜索引擎的收入，通过对URL的一些优化，可以使搜索引擎更好的识别与收录网站的信息。

 

         实现过程：

 

1 参考http://blog.csdn.net/haishu_zheng/article/details/51490299，用第二种方法创建一个名为urlrewrite_demo的Maven工程。

 

2 文件目录结构如下图所示

3 在pom.xml中添加四个jar包：

spring-webmvc

spring-context-support

urlrewritefilter

freemarker

添加完之后的完整内容为

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <project xmlns=”http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0”xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd”>  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.     <groupId>urlrewrite_demo</groupId>  
5.     <artifactId>urlrewrite_demo</artifactId>  
6.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
7.     <packaging>war</packaging>  
8.     <name>urlrewrite_demo</name>  
9.     <description />  
10.     <properties>  
11.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
12.     </properties>  
13.     <dependencies>  
14.         <dependency>  
15.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
16.             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
17.             <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>  
18.         </dependency>  
19.         <dependency>  
20.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
21.             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
22.             <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>  
23.         </dependency>  
24.         <dependency>  
25.             <groupId>org.tuckey</groupId>  
26.             <artifactId>urlrewritefilter</artifactId>  
27.             <version>4.0.3</version>  
28.         </dependency>  
29.         <dependency>  
30.             <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>  
31.             <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>  
32.             <version>2.3.23</version>  
33.         </dependency>  
34.         <dependency>  
35.             <groupId>javax</groupId>  
36.             <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>  
37.             <version>7.0</version>  
38.             <scope>provided</scope>  
39.         </dependency>  
40.     </dependencies>  
41.     <build>  
42.         <plugins>  
43.             <plugin>  
44.                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
45.                 <version>2.3.2</version>  
46.                 <configuration>  
47.                     <source>1.7</source>  
48.                     <target>1.7</target>  
49.                 </configuration>  
50.             </plugin>  
51.             <plugin>  
52.                 <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>  
53.                 <version>2.2</version>  
54.                 <configuration>  
55.                     <version>3.1</version>  
56.                     <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>  
57.                 </configuration>  
58.             </plugin>  
59.         </plugins>  
60.     </build>  
61. </project>  

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>urlrewrite_demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>urlrewrite_demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>urlrewrite_demo</name>
    <description />
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.tuckey</groupId>
            <artifactId>urlrewritefilter</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4 web.xml中的完整内容为

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print ?

1. <?xml version=”1.0”encoding=”UTF-8”?>  
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”  
3.     xmlns=“http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee”  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation=“http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaeehttp://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd”  
5.     id=“WebApp_ID” version=“3.1”>  
6.     <display-name>urlrewrite_demo</display-name>  
7.    
8.     <filter>  
9.         <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>  
10.         <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>  
11.     </filter>  
12.     <filter-mapping>  
13.         <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>  
14.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
15.         <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>  
16.         <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>  
17.     </filter-mapping>  
18.    
19.     <servlet>  
20.         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>  
21.         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
22.         <init-param>  
23.             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
24.             <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>  
25.         </init-param>  
26.         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
27.     </servlet>  
28.     <servlet-mapping>  
29.         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>  
30.         <url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern>  
31.     </servlet-mapping>  
32. </web-app>  

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaeehttp://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
    <display-name>urlrewrite_demo</display-name>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
        <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
    </filter-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5 /src/main/reources/config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml中的完整内容为

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>  
2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”  
3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”   
4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”  
5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”   
6.     xmlns:p=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/p”  
7.     xmlns:tx=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx”  
8.     xmlns:mvc=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc”  
9.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
10.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
11.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
12.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd  
13.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
14.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd  
15.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
16.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd  
17.           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
18.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd”>  
19.    
20.     <!– 有 @Controller注解的表现层控制器组件 –>  
21.     <context:component-scan base-package=“com.zheng.controller” />  
22.    
23.     <!– 配置freeMarker模板加载地址 –>  
24.     <bean id=“freemarkerConfig” class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer”>  
25.         <!– 视图解析器在/WEB-INF/views/路径下扫描视图文件 –>  
26.         <property name=“templateLoaderPath” value=“/WEB-INF/views/” />  
27.         <property name=“freemarkerSettings” ref=“freemarkerConfiguration” />     
28.     </bean>  
29.       
30.     <!– 配置Freemarker属性文件路径 –>  
31.     <bean id=“freemarkerConfiguration” class=“org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean”>  
32.         <property name=“location” value=“classpath:config/properties/freemarker.properties”/>  
33.     </bean>  
34.     
35.     <!– 配置freeMarker视图解析器 –>  
36.     <bean id=“freemakerViewResolver” class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver”>  
37.         <property name=“viewClass” value=“org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView”/>  
38.         <property name=“suffix” value=“.ftl” />   
39.         <property name=“contentType” value=“text/html; charset=UTF-8” />     
40.     </bean>  
41.       
42. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <!-- 有 @Controller注解的表现层控制器组件 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zheng.controller" />

    <!-- 配置freeMarker模板加载地址 -->
    <bean id="freemarkerConfig" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <!-- 视图解析器在/WEB-INF/views/路径下扫描视图文件 -->
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration" />   
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Freemarker属性文件路径 -->
    <bean id="freemarkerConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
        <property name="location" value="classpath:config/properties/freemarker.properties"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置freeMarker视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="freemakerViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" /> 
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />   
    </bean>

</beans>

6 /src/main/resources/config/properties/freemarker.properties中的完整内容为

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. tag_syntax=auto_detect  
2. classic_compatible=true  
3. whitespace_stripping=true  
4. template_update_delay=2  
5. default_encoding=UTF-8  
6. output_encoding=UTF-8  
7. url_escaping_charset=UTF-8  
8. locale=zh_CN  
9. date_format=yyyy-MM-dd  
10. time_format=HH:mm:ss  
11. datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss  

tag_syntax=auto_detect
classic_compatible=true
whitespace_stripping=true
template_update_delay=2
default_encoding=UTF-8
output_encoding=UTF-8
url_escaping_charset=UTF-8
locale=zh_CN
date_format=yyyy-MM-dd
time_format=HH:mm:ss
datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss

7 /src/main/Java/com/zheng/controller/TestController.java中的完整代码为

[java] view plain copy

print ?

1. package com.zheng.controller;  
2.    
3. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
4. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
5.    
6. @Controller  
7. @RequestMapping(“/login”)  
8. public class TestController {  
9.     @RequestMapping(“/toLoginIndex”)  
10.     public String toLoginIndex(){  
11.         return “/test”;  
12.     }  
13. }  

package com.zheng.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/login")
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping("/toLoginIndex")
    public String toLoginIndex(){
        return "/test";
    }
}

8 /src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/test.ftl中的完整代码为：

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <html>  
2. <head>  
3.   <title>Insert title here</title>  
4. </head>  
5. <body>  
6.   Hello, World!  
7. </body>  
8. </html>  

<html>
<head>
  <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
  Hello, World!
</body>
</html>

9 /src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/urlrewrite.xml中的完整代码为

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?>    
2. <!DOCTYPE urlrewrite PUBLIC ”-//tuckey.org//DTD UrlRewrite 4.0//EN”   
3. “http://www.tuckey.org/res/dtds/urlrewrite4.0.dtd”>  
4. <urlrewrite decode-using=“UTF-8”>  
5.     <rule>  
6.         <from>/$</from>  
7.         <to>/service/login/toLogin</to>  
8.     </rule>  
9. </urlrewrite>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<!DOCTYPE urlrewrite PUBLIC "-//tuckey.org//DTD UrlRewrite 4.0//EN" 
"http://www.tuckey.org/res/dtds/urlrewrite4.0.dtd">
<urlrewrite decode-using="UTF-8">
    <rule>
        <from>/$</from>
        <to>/service/login/toLogin</to>
    </rule>
</urlrewrite>

注意：这里的<from>和<to>决定了

http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo 映射为

http://localhos:8080/urlrewrite_demo/service/login/toLoginIndex

 

假如<from>/$</from>改为<from>/abc</from>，则

http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo/abc 映射为

http://localhos:8080/urlrewrite_demo/service/login/toLoginIndex

 

10 将urlrewrite_demo添加进Tomcat7中并运行

在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo

显示结果为

 

在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo/service/login/toLoginIndex

显示结果为

11 源码下载地址

CSDN：http://download.csdn.net/detail/haishu_zheng/9540381

Github：https://github.com/zhenghaishu/urlrewrite_demo