2016/08/20 继承练习题（1）

题目描述：
有动物猫、狗、猪、羊和鸡，他们有不同的叫声，用继承，编写代码，输入动物的名字，输出动物的名称以及特有的叫声。

做题步骤：
定义一个父类Animal，存储他们共有的属性和方法。代码如下：

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

/**
 * 动物类
 * @author Meizijiu
 *
 */
public class Animal {

    protected String name;


    public Animal(String name) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
    }


    public void speak() {
        System.out.println("我是一只"+name);
    }   
}

定义各动物类，存储其特有属性以及方法，并且继承父类Animal：

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class Cat extends Animal {

    public Cat() {      //构造是不能被继承的
        super(AnimalFactory.CAT);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public void speak() {
        super.speak();
        System.out.println("喵喵喵~~~~");
    }
}

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class Dog extends Animal {

    public Dog() {
        super(AnimalFactory.DOG);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public void speak() {
        super.speak();
        System.out.println("汪汪汪~~~~");
    }
}

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class Pig extends Animal {

    public Pig() {
        super(AnimalFactory.PIG);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public void speak() {
        super.speak();
        System.out.println("哼哼哼~~~~");
    }
}

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class Poult extends Animal {

    public Poult() {
        super(AnimalFactory.POULT);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public void speak() {
        super.speak();
        System.out.println("咯咯咯~~~~");
    }
}

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class Sheep extends Animal {

    public Sheep() {
        super(AnimalFactory.SHEEP);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public void speak() {
        super.speak();
        System.out.println("咩咩咩~~~~");
    }
}

定义一个工厂类：

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

public class AnimalFactory {

    public static final String CAT="猫";
    public static final String DOG="狗";
    public static final String PIG="猪";
    public static final String SHEEP="羊";
    public static final String POULT="鸡";

    public static Animal getAnimal(String name) {
        switch (name) {
        case CAT:
            return new Cat();
        case DOG:
            return new Dog();
        case PIG:
            return new Pig();
        case SHEEP:
            return new Sheep();
        case POULT:
            return new Poult();

        default:
            return null;
        }
    }
}

最后定义一个测试类：

package com.jer.ch09.animal;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        Animal animal = null;
        while (true) {
            System.out.print("请输入动物名称：");
            animal = AnimalFactory.getAnimal(input.next());
            if (animal!=null) {
                animal.speak();
                input.close();
                return;
            }else {
                System.out.println("您输入的动物名称有误");
            }
        }
    }
}