714[Medium]: Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock with Transaction Fee

Part1:题目描述

Your are given an array of integers prices, for which the i-th element is the price of a given stock on day i; and a non-negative integer fee representing a transaction fee.

You may complete as many transactions as you like, but you need to pay the transaction fee for each transaction. You may not buy more than 1 share of a stock at a time (ie. you must sell the stock share before you buy again.)

Return the maximum profit you can make.

Example 1:

Input: prices = [1, 3, 2, 8, 4, 9], fee = 2
Output: 8
Explanation: The maximum profit can be achieved by:
Buying at prices[0] = 1
Selling at prices[3] = 8
Buying at prices[4] = 4
Selling at prices[5] = 9The total profit is ((8 - 1) - 2) + ((9 - 4) - 2) = 8.

Note:

• 0 < prices.length <= 50000.
• 0 < prices[i] < 50000.
• 0 <= fee < 50000.

• Part2:解题思路

    在第i天，价格为prices[i]时我们有3种操作：不作任何行动，买进，卖出可以选择。我们维护sell和notSell这2个变量，分别表示卖出和买进之后的最大获利，如果这2个值取一步的值则表示不作任何行动。对于每一个prices[i]只需要考虑如何通过上一步已计算出的sell和notSell得到当前的sell和notSell。
  

  小说明：

    你首先能获得的一组具体值，决定了你的循环是从0->length还是length->0。因为在对price[i]这个值进行相关计算的时候，我们都需要保证计算中用到的值在之前已经计算过。本题中我们先获得第0天的时候的sell和notSell值，所以我们的循环是0->length。

  
  

  Part3:代码

  #include<iostream>
  #include<vector>
  #include<algorithm>
  
  using namespace std;
  
  int maxProfit(vector<int>& prices, int fee) {
  	int sell = 0;
  	int notSell = 0;
  	int length = prices.size();
  	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
  		if (i == 0) {
  		sell = 0;
  		notSell = 0 - prices[i];	
  		} else {
  			// 在当前这个价格prices[i]的时候，不作任何行动or卖掉 
  			sell = max(sell, notSell+prices[i]-fee);
  			// 在当前这个价格prices[i]的时候，不作任何行动or买进 
  			notSell = max(notSell, sell-prices[i]);
  		}
  	}
  	return sell; 
  }
  
  int main() {
  	int num;
  	cin >> num;
  	vector<int> prices;
  	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
  		int temp;
  		cin >> temp;
  		prices.push_back(temp);
  	}
  	int fee;
  	cin >> fee;
  	cout << maxProfit(prices, fee) << endl;
  	return 0;
  }