spring mvc 请求流程:
1、获取所有HandlerMapping , 通过ServletRequest 请求获取HandlerExecutionChain 对象. (其中封装着HandlerMethod, HandlerInterceptor[] )
2、获取所有HandlerAdapter , 通过 HandlerExecutionChain 中的HandlerMethod获取到对应的Adapter
3、执行HandlerExecutionChain 中所有拦截器 HandlerInterceptor 的前置处理方法 preHandle()
4、使用适配器HandlerAdapter,执行 handle() 方法返回视图 ModelAndView 对象
5、执行HandlerExecutionChain 中所有拦截器 HandlerInterceptor 的后置处理方法 postHandle()
6、然后处理执行结果,是一个 ModelAndView 或 Exception,然后进行渲染
源码 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet 核心方法 doDispatch():
/**
* org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
* spring mvc 请求过程:
*/
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null; //管理执行链
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false; //文件上传请求解析
//获取当前请求的WebAsyncManager,如果没找到则创建并与请求关联
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
//检查是否含Multipart, 有则将请求转换为 Multipart 请求
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
//含有文件上传功能
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// 遍历所有的 HandlerMapping 找到与请求对应的 Handler,并将其与一堆拦截器封装到 HandlerExecutionChain 对象中
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
if (mappedHandler == null) {
//如果没有持有者, 抛出404错误
noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
return;
}
// 遍历所有的 HandlerAdapter,找到可以处理该 Handler 的 HandlerAdapter
HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
// 处理请求方法
String method = request.getMethod();
boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method); //get请求
if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
// 获取HandlerExecutionChain => Object => HandlerMethod
long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
return;
}
}
// 遍历拦截器,执行它们的 preHandle() 方法
if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
// 执行实际的处理程序, 使用 HandlerAdapter => RequestMappingHandlerAdapter 处理获取 ModelAndView 视图
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
//当前web异步管理是否当前启动管理
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
return;
}
// 应用默认视图名称, 视图为空不做操作
applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
// 遍历拦截器,执行它们的 postHandle() 方法
mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
} catch (Exception ex) {
dispatchException = ex;
} catch (Throwable err) {
// 从4.3开始,我们也在处理处理程序方法抛出的错误,
// 使它们可用于@ExceptionHandler方法和其他场景
dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
}
// 处理执行结果,是一个 ModelAndView 或 Exception,然后进行渲染
processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
} catch (Exception ex) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
} catch (Throwable err) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
} finally {
//web异步管理是否处理异步状态
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// 映射管理不为空时
if (mappedHandler != null) {
// 遍历拦截器,执行它们的 afterCompletion() 方法
mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
}
} else {
// 清理文件上传请求使用的任何资源
if (multipartRequestParsed) {
cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
}
}
}
}
真正的请求第一步, FrameworkServlet # processRequest()
/**
* 处理此请求,不管结果如何发布事件
* <p>实际的事件处理由抽象的{@link #doService}模板方法执行
*/
protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//处理开始时间
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Throwable failureCause = null;
//返回与当前线程相关联的 LocaleContext
LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
//根据请求构建 LocaleContext,公开请求的语言环境为当前语言环境
LocaleContext localeContext = buildLocaleContext(request);
//获取当前本次请求的 RequestAttributes
RequestAttributes previousAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
//创建 RequestAttributes , 封装request, response
ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = buildRequestAttributes(request, response, previousAttributes);
//1、获取 WebAsyncManager, 如果没有则创建 WebAsyncManager 并储存. (request 中请求属性 => WebAsyncManager.WEB_ASYNC_MANAGER)
//2、给 WebAsyncManager 注册请求回调拦截对象 (RequestBindingInterceptor)
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(FrameworkServlet.class.getName(), new RequestBindingInterceptor());
//设置 LocaleContext 和 requestAttributes 到对应的上下文
initContextHolders(request, localeContext, requestAttributes);
try {
//模板模式, 子类去实现
doService(request, response);
}
catch (ServletException | IOException ex) {
failureCause = ex;
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
failureCause = ex;
throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", ex);
}
finally {
// 重置 LocaleContext 和 requestAttributes,解除关联
resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
if (requestAttributes != null) {
requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
}
logResult(request, response, failureCause, asyncManager);
//发布 ServletRequestHandlerEvent 请求事件
publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, failureCause);
}
}