JavaWeb-11-Filter

跟着狂神学JavaWeb --> 11. Filter(重点)

• Filter过滤器：用来过滤网站的数据；
  • 处理中文乱码；
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• Filter开发步骤：

  1. 导包；javax.servlet的包！

  2. 编写过滤器；

     ShowServlet.java

     public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
         @Override
         protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
     //        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
             resp.getWriter().write("你好，世界！");
         }
     
         @Override
         protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
             doGet(req, resp);
         }
     }
     

     CharacterEncodingFilter.java

     public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
         /**
          * 初始化：Web服务器启动，就已经初始化了，随时等待过滤对象出现
          * @param filterConfig
          * @throws ServletException
          */
         public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
             System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
         }
     
         /**
          * 1. 过滤器中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行；
          * 2. 必须要让过滤器继续filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
          * @param request
          * @param response
          * @param filterChain
          * @throws IOException
          * @throws ServletException
          */
         public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
             request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
             response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
             response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
     
             System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前......");
             //让请求继续走，如果不写,程序在这里被拦截
             filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
             System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后......");
         }
     
         /**
          * 摧毁：，Web服务器关闭的时候，过滤器会销毁
          */
         public void destroy() {
             System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter摧毁");
         }
     }
     
     

     web.xml

     <servlet>
         <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
         <servlet-class>com.ano.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
     </servlet>
     <servlet-mapping>
         <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
         <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>
     <servlet-mapping>
         <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
         <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>
     
     <filter>
         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>com.ano.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
     </filter>
     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
         <!--只要是/servlet的任何请求，都会经过这个过滤器-->
         <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>
     

     测试结果：
     

  3. 在web.xml中配置Filter

     <filter>
         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>com.ano.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
     </filter>
     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
         <!--只要是/servlet的任何请求，都会经过这个过滤器-->
         <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>