1. 查看/etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow文件属性
lsattr /etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
2. 修改/etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow文件属性
chattr -i /etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
3. 修改密码
4. 还原/etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow文件属性
chattr +i /etc/group /etc/passwd /etc/shadow