springcloud alibaba 整合nacos
nacos作为服务注册和发现,它的使用稍微不同于 Netflix 的 Eureka,nacos不需要开发者提供一个服务注册service,而是作为一个服务注册软件提供给开发者,开发者只需要开发服务即可,然后将其注册到nacos。下面给出最新版的整合:
注意官方给出的最新版是 Spring Cloud 2020.0 +Spring Cloud alibaba 2020.0.RC1+springboot2.4.2,单笔者在此版本组合开发中遇到一些未知的问题(Spring Cloud统一版本管理无效,@LoadBalanced注解不生效),于是降到了 Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR8+Spring Cloud alibaba 2.2.5.RELEASE+springboot 2.3.2.RELEASE。
关于版本依赖说明 https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki
开发法三板斧:添加依赖,添加注解,添加配置文件。
首先是pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ali</groupId>
<artifactId>author-center</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
注解:
启动类添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient,不过这对于nacos来说不是必须的,可有可无,官方文档中说明要添加。
配置文件:
spring:
datasource:
password: root
username: root
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-data?characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# 指定nacos server 的地址,将当前的author服务注册到nacos上
server-addr: localhost:8848
application:
# 服务名称尽量用-,不支持其他特殊字符,比如使用_,启动会报错
name: author-center
下载nacos:https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
解压启动 startup.cmd -m standalone
控制台查看:http://localhost:8848/nacos
关于nacos启动的部分问题查看我的另一篇文章。
启动注册服务即可看到我们的author服务:
简单的代码示例:
@SpringBootApplication
public class AuthorCenterApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AuthorCenterApplication.class,args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor = @__(@Autowired))
public class AuthorService {
private final AuthorMapper authorMapper;
private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
public BookItem getBookItem(Integer id) {
Author author = authorMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
// 假如我们将book-center服务也注册处到了nacos,并且为RestTemplate 添加了@LoadBalanced,那么就可以替换ip+port为我们的serviceId(spring application name),ribbon动态发现nacos上的服务,并进行对应的服务名和URL转换。注意,从nacos发现服务列表是ribbon的默认服务发现选项,我们也可以设置而ribbon从配置文件读取。
Book book = restTemplate.getForObject("http://book-center/get/{1}", Book.class, 10);
return BookItem.builder()
.bookId(book.getId())
.authorName(author.getName())
.bookName(book.getTitle())
.build();
}
}
简单的整合就这样了。