导入网上下载的Android Studio项目出现的问题及解决方案总结:
基本配置信息更改：
首先，要让项目在自己的Android Studio上运行，需要在下载的项目包中更改几个基本的配置信息：
1.在下载的项目包中找到最外层的build.gradle文件用文本编辑器打开，升级gradle依赖，更新gradle的版本号到3.2.1：
// 版本号根据自己的工具来
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.1'
2.在app文件夹下找到build.gradle文件打开，将compileSdkVersion以及targetSdkVersion改为新版28：
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.hl.www.helloandroid"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
...
3.进入gradle文件夹->wrapper文件夹，打开gradle-wrapper.properties，将其中一项改为新版包gradle-4.6-all.zip：
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.6-all.zip
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
接下来一般就可以进行编译。
编译报错问题总结：
1：Configuration ‘compile’ is obsolete and has been replaced with ‘implementation’ and ‘api’.It will be removed at the end of 2018. For more information see:
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
compile 'com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.3.1'
compile 'com.android.support:design:25.3.1'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
问题分析：配置中的一些api已经过时，需替换；
解决方案：将配置文件中出现的：
compile 改成implementation
androidTestCompile改成androidTestImplementation
testCompile 改成testImplementation。
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestImplementation('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
implementation 'com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.3.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:25.3.1'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
2：Error:android-apt plugin is incompatible with the Android Gradle plugin. Please use ‘annotationProcessor’ configuration instead；
问题分析:新版Android Studio所搭配的com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0及更高版本不支持1.8版本的apt；
解决方案：先把project的build.gradle中的
classpath 'com.neenbedankt.gradle.plugins:android-apt:1.8’语句删掉，
然后把module的build.gradle中的
apply plugin: 'com.neenbedankt.android-apt’语句也删掉，
再把之前dependencies中
apt 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.8.1’中的apt换成annotationProcessor。
3：Android studio 3.0 com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
问题分析：配置问题；
参考解决方案：将compile(name: ‘guavalib’, ext: ‘jar’)修改为compile files(‘libs/guavalib.jar’)。
4：Annotation processors must be explicitly declared now. The following dependenci
问题分析：注解报错；
解决方案：在app的build.gradle中
android {
...
defaultConfig {
...
//添加如下配置
javaCompileOptions
{ annotationProcessorOptions {includeCompileClasspath = true }
}
}
5：Android-ABIFilter-Device supports x86,but APK only supports armeabi-v7a,armeabi,x86_64
问题分析：apk不支持设备的机型；
参考解决方案：删除配置
defaultConfig {
ndk {
abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86_64"
}
}
中的 ndk {abiFilters “armeabi”, “armeabi-v7a”, “x86_64”} 语句。
6：Error:All flavors must now belong to a named flavor dimension. Learn more at
解决方案：在app的build.gradle中
defaultConfig {
targetSdkVersion：***
minSdkVersion ：***
versionCode：***
versionName ：***
//在这里版本名后面添加一句话，意思就是flavor dimension 它的维度就是该版本号
flavorDimensions "versionCode"
}
7：The specified Android SDK Build Tools version (25.0.0) is ignored, as it is below the minimum supported version (27.0.3) for Android Gradle Plugin 3.1.2.
问题分析：Android Studio3.0之后不需要再指定buildToolsVersion；
解决方案：将出错配置中buildToolsVersion语句删除。
8：All flavors must now belong to a named flavor dimension.
参考解决方案：在defaultconfig里面添加语句：
flavorDimensions ‘default’。
9：DSL element ‘DexOptions.incremental’ is obsolete and will be removed at the end of 2018.
问题分析：incremental这个将在2018年后被弃用；
解决方案：删除incremental语句。
10：Failed to resolve: runtime
解决方案：在项目根目录下的build.gradle的allprojects新添加google()
allprojects {
repositories {
google()//新添加
jcenter()
}
}
11：com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
dependencies {
api fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) testApi 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestApi 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
androidTestApi 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
api 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
api 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
api 'com.android.support:design:26.1.0'
api 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1'
annotationProcessor 'com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:4.7.1'
}
参考解决方案：将编译的版本修改为最新的，确认compileSdkVersion以及targetSdkVersion已被改为新版28；接着改：
dependencies {
api fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) testApi 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestApi 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
androidTestApi 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
api 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
api 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.+'(此处)
api 'com.android.support:design:28.+' (此处)
api 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1'
annotationProcessor 'com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:4.7.1'
}
编译正常，运行报错总结：
1：Program type already present: android.support.v4.view.ViewPager$SavedState$1；
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0-rc02'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
implementation 'de.mrmaffen:vlc-android-sdk:3.0.0'
}
问题分析：com.android.support 包引用重复；
参考解决方案：在依赖中排除com.android.support：
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0-rc02'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
implementation ('de.mrmaffen:vlc-android-sdk:3.0.0') {exclude group: 'com.android.support'}(添加语句)
}
2:Program type already present: android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord$Op
3:Program type already present: android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle$Delegate
参考解决方案：在配置文件中的 implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1’后加上implementation ‘com.android.support:support-v4:27.1.1’。
dependencies { implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs') testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1'
implementation project(':library-pulltorefresh') implementation 'com.mcxiaoke.volley:library:1.0.16'
implementation project(':library-sidedrawer') implementation project(':library-circleimageview') implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:27.1.1'
implementation project(':library-slidingmenu') implementation 'com.baoyz.swipemenulistview:library:1.3.0'
implementation 'org.greenrobot:eventbus:3.0.0'
}
4：Android studio 3.0 com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to mer
5:Error:\warning: Ignoring InnerClasses attribute for an anonymous inner class
参考解决方案：首先修改Gradle配置文件，
defaultConfig {
multiDexEnabled true
}
同样修改Gradle配置文件，
dependencies {
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1'
}
然后让应用支持多DEX文件,在AndroidManifest.xml的application中声明android.support.multidex.MultiDexApplication；
即：
android:name="android.support.multidex.MultiDexApplication"
结语
小白总结，仅供参考；
如有错误，欢迎指正。
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