利用Cookie，实现动态显示用户曾经浏览过的商品

1、在DisPlay的servlet中主要做两件事情

     1.1显示在出售的商品

     1.2显示顾客曾经浏览的商品

DisPlay的代码如下：

package com.baowei.cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Display extends HttpServlet {
    
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        
        //显示所有的图书
        PrintWriter  out = resp.getWriter();
        out.print("本书店出售的图书如下:<br/>");
        
        Map<String,Book> books = DB.getDBMap();
        Set<Entry<String, Book>> set = books.entrySet();
        Iterator<Entry<String, Book>>  it = set.iterator();
        while(it.hasNext()){
            Entry<String, Book> entry = it.next();
            Book book = entry.getValue();
            out.print("<a href='/HuiHuaTest/BookDetail?id="+book.getId()+"' target='_blank'>"+book.getName()+"</a><br/>");
                
        }
        
        //用户最近看过的图书
        out.print("你最近浏览过的图书如下:<br/>");
        Cookie cookie = null;
        Cookie [] cookies = req.getCookies();
        for (int   i = 0; cookies != null &&   i < cookies.length;   i++) { 
            if(cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory")){
                cookie = cookies[i];
            }
        }
        
        if(cookie!=null){
            //找到了bookHistory这个cookie
            String bookHistory = cookie.getValue();   //4_6_1
            String ids[] = bookHistory.split("\\_"); //这样划分更好
            for(String id: ids){
                Book book = (Book) DB.getDBMap().get(id);
                out.print(book.getName() + "<br/>");
            }
        }
        
    }

}

 

2. 对于图书的详细介绍的BookDetail的servlet，也是两个功能

   2.1 介绍商品的详细信息

   2.2 将浏览过的商品的信息加入到Cookie中，并且将Cookie写回浏览器

BookDetail的实现代码如下：

package com.baowei.cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class BookDetail extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        doPost(request, response);

    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        // 1.根据用户带过来的id值，显示相应商品的信息
        out.print("您想看的书的详细信息为：<br/>");
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        Book book = (Book) DB.getDBMap().get(id);
        out.print(book.getId() + "<br/>");
        out.print(book.getName() + "<br/>");
        out.print(book.getAuthor() + "<br/>");

        // 2.以cookie的形式回写该商品的id号给浏览器
        String bookHistory = makeCookie(book.getId(), request);
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("bookHistory", bookHistory);
        //cookie.setMaxAge(10000); //将Cookie保存在硬盘内
        response.addCookie(cookie);

    }

    // 根据用户原来看过的书，以及现在看的书的id，构建新的cookie值
    private String makeCookie(String id, HttpServletRequest request) {

        // bookHistory=null    3   bookHistory=3
        // bookHistory=2_1_5   3   bookHistory=3_2_1
        // bookHistory=2 3     3   bookHistory=3_2
        // bookHistory=2_3     3   bookHistory=3_2

        // 1.得到用户曾经看过的书
        String bookHistory = null;
        Cookie cookies[] = request.getCookies();
        for (int i = 0; cookies != null && i < cookies.length; i++) {
            if (cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory")) {
                bookHistory = cookies[i].getValue();
            }
        }

        if (bookHistory == null) {
            bookHistory = id;
            return bookHistory;
        }

        // bookHistory=1_2_5 代表用户曾经看一些书，接着程序要得到用户曾经看过什么书
        String ids[] = bookHistory.split("_");
        // 为了检测数组中是否包含当前id，我们应该把数据转成集合，并且还要转成链表结构的集合
        LinkedList<String> idList = new LinkedList(Arrays.asList(ids));
    
        if (idList.contains(id)) {
            idList.remove(id);
        } else {
            if (idList.size() >= 5) {
                idList.removeLast();
            }
        }
        idList.addFirst(id);

        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (String lid : idList) { // 1_2_3_
            sb.append(lid + "_");
        }

        return sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1).toString();
    }

}

 

上面两个程序中用到的Book类和DB类如下：

Book类的代码：

package com.baowei.cookie;

public class Book {
    
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    
    public Book() {

    }
    
    public Book(String id, String name, String author) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
    }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    
    

}

DB类的代码如下：

package com.baowei.cookie;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class DB {
    
    static Map<String,Book>   map = new HashMap<String,Book>();
    
    static {
        
        map.put("1", new Book("1","JavaWeb开发","张保卫") );
        map.put("2", new Book("2","操作系统","张保卫") );
        map.put("3", new Book("3","Spring开发","张保卫") );
        map.put("4", new Book("4","Struts2开发","张保卫") );
        map.put("5", new Book("5","Java基础开发","张保卫") );
        map.put("6", new Book("6","数据结构","张保卫") );
        map.put("7", new Book("7","ACM","张保卫") );
        map.put("8", new Book("8","计算机网络","张保卫") );
        map.put("9", new Book("9","软件工程","张保卫") );
        map.put("10", new Book("10","Android开发","张保卫") );    
    }
    
    public static Map<String,Book> getDBMap(){ 
        return map;   
    }
   
}