Django-redis缓存及图片验证码生成

图片验证码的生成

1.django 缓存设置

1.1 安装Django缓存模块

pip install django-redis==4.12.1

1.2 settings.py中配置缓存

# 缓存配置
CACHES = {
	 # django存缓默认位置,redis 0号库
	 # default: 连接名称
	"default": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS":"django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	},
	# django session存 reidis 1 号库（现在基本不需要使⽤）
	"session": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	},
	# 图形验证码，存redis 2号库
	"img_code": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	}
}
# 配置session使⽤redis存储
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
# 配置session存储的位置: 使⽤cache中的 session配置
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"

2.新建应用verifications

• 图形验证码
• 短信验证码
• 邮件验证

'''
2.1 在apps⽂件夹下新建应⽤： verifications
'''
python ../manage.py startapp verifications # 切换到apps⽂件夹下执⾏创建命令

'''
2.2 在settings.py中添加应⽤
'''
INSTALLED_APPS = [
	'verifications.apps.VerificationsConfig',
]

'''
2.3 在syl/urls.py主路由中添加
'''
path('verify/', include('verifications.urls')),

'''
2.4 添加⼦路由： verifications/urls.py
'''
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
	# path('image_codes/', views.ImageCodeView.as_view())
]

3.图形验证码captcha使用

1.下载captcha压缩包captcha.zip，放到项⽬packages⽂件夹下
2.解压captcha.zip放到syl/libs⽂件夹下
3.解压⽂件中的syl/libs/captcha/captcha.py 右键运⾏即可⽣成图⽚验证码 unzip xxx.zip

4.在verifications/views.py中使用

from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseForbidden
from django.views import View
from django_redis import get_redis_connection
from libs.captcha.captcha import captcha

class ImageCodeView(View):
	def get(self, request):
		# 1.接收数据(uuid)
		uuid = request.GET.get('uuid')
		
		# 2.校验数据
		if not uuid:
			return HttpResponseForbidden('uuid⽆效')
		
		# 3.处理业务
		# 获取图⽚⽂本内容和图⽚⼆进制代码
		text, image = captcha.generate_captcha() # text=GPMZ; image=图⽚
		
		# 4.把uuid和图⽚⽂本存⼊redis
		redis_client = get_redis_connection('img_code') # 获取redis客户端
		
		# 5.写⼊redis(是字符串)
		redis_client.setex(uuid, 60 * 5, text)
		
		# 6.返回响应图⽚
		return HttpResponse(image, content_type='image/jpg')