HttpUtil工具类
/** * URL请求 */ public class HttpUtil { private static String userAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1)"; private static String charset = "UTF-8"; /** * 发送GET请求,通过流的形式 * * @param url 目的地址 * @param paramMap 请求参数,Map类型。 * @return 远程响应结果 * @throws IOException */ public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) throws IOException { String result = ""; BufferedReader in = null;// 读取响应输入流 StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();// 存储参数 String params = "";// 编码之后的参数 try { // 编码请求参数 if (paramMap.size() == 1) { for (String name : paramMap.keySet()) { if (paramMap.get(name) != null) { sb.append(name).append("=") .append(java.net.URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(paramMap.get(name)), charset)); } } params = sb.toString(); } else { for (String name : paramMap.keySet()) { if (paramMap.get(name) != null) { sb.append(name).append("=") .append(java.net.URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(paramMap.get(name)), charset)) .append("&"); } } String temp_params = sb.toString(); params = temp_params.substring(0, temp_params.length() - 1); } String full_url = url + "?" + params; // 创建URL对象 java.net.URL connURL = new java.net.URL(full_url); // 打开URL连接 java.net.HttpURLConnection httpConn = (java.net.HttpURLConnection) connURL.openConnection(); // 设置通用属性 httpConn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "*/*"); httpConn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); httpConn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", userAgent); // 建立实际的连接 httpConn.connect(); // 响应头部获取 Map<String, List<String>> headers = httpConn.getHeaderFields(); // 遍历所有的响应头字段 for (String key : headers.keySet()) { // CommonUtil.outPrint(key + "\t:\t" + headers.get(key)); } // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应,并设置编码方式 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(), charset)); String line; // 读取返回的内容 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { result += line; } } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } finally { try { if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; } } return result; } /** * 发送POST请求 * * @param url 目的地址 * @param paramMap 请求参数,Map类型。 * @return 远程响应结果 * @throws Exception */ public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws Exception { String result = "";// 返回的结果 BufferedReader in = null;// 读取响应输入流 PrintWriter out = null; try { StringBuffer params = new StringBuffer();// 处理请求参数 // 编码请求参数 for (String name : paramMap.keySet()) { String val = paramMap.get(name); if (val != null) { params.append(name).append("=") .append(URLEncoder.encode(val, charset)) .append("&"); } else { params.append(name).append("=") .append(URLEncoder.encode("", charset)); } } // 创建URL对象 java.net.URL connURL = new java.net.URL(url); // 打开URL连接 java.net.HttpURLConnection httpConn = (java.net.HttpURLConnection) connURL.openConnection(); // 设置通用属性 httpConn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "*/*"); httpConn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); httpConn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", userAgent); // 设置POST方式 httpConn.setDoInput(true); httpConn.setDoOutput(true); // 获取HttpURLConnection对象对应的输出流 out = new PrintWriter(httpConn.getOutputStream()); // 发送请求参数 out.write(params.toString()); // flush输出流的缓冲 out.flush(); // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应,设置编码方式 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(), charset)); String line; // 读取返回的内容 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { result += line; } } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } finally { try { if (out != null) { out.close(); } if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; } } return result; } /** * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求 * * @param url 发送请求的URL * @param param 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */ public Object sendGet(String url, String param) { String result = ""; BufferedReader in = null; try { String urlNameString = url + "?" + param; URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString); // 打开和URL之间的连接 URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection(); // 设置通用的请求属性 connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)"); // 建立实际的连接 connection.connect(); // 获取所有响应头字段 Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields(); // 遍历所有的响应头字段 for (String key : map.keySet()) { System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key)); } // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( connection.getInputStream())); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { result += line; } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e); e.printStackTrace(); } // 使用finally块来关闭输入流 finally { try { if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (Exception e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } } return result; } /** * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求 * * @param url 发送请求的 URL * @param param 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */ public Object sendPost(String url, String param) { PrintWriter out = null; BufferedReader in = null; String result = ""; try { URL realUrl = new URL(url); // 打开和URL之间的连接 URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection(); // 设置通用的请求属性 conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*"); conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive"); conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)"); // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行 conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setDoInput(true); // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流 out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream()); // 发送请求参数 out.print(param); // flush输出流的缓冲 out.flush(); // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应 in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { result += line; } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!" + e); e.printStackTrace(); } //使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流 finally { try { if (out != null) { out.close(); } if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } return result; }
/** * 发送GET请求,通过HttpClient方式 * pom文件需要引入依赖 * @param url * @param param * @return */ public static String doGet(String url, String param) { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(); String realUrl = url; if (!param.equals("")) realUrl = url + "?" + param; HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(realUrl); try { HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent(), charset); char[] charbufer; while (0 < reader.read(charbufer = new char[10])) { result.append(charbufer); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { httpGet.releaseConnection(); } return result.toString(); } }
pom文件引入
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.1</version> </dependency>