Copy List with Random Pointer

题目链接：https://leetcode.com/problems/copy-list-with-random-pointer/
这道题目比较经典，头条等多个大厂都考过，《剑指offer》中也有。

基础解法

创建新链表，先拷贝基础信息，再拷贝random指针。

func copyRandomList(head *Node) *Node {
    p := head
	var dummyHead Node
	pHead := &dummyHead
	// 存储新旧节点的映射
	mp := make(map[*Node]*Node)
	for p != nil {
		newNode := &Node{
			Val: p.Val,
		}
		mp[p] = newNode
		pHead.Next = newNode
		pHead = pHead.Next
		p = p.Next
	}
	// 开始copy random指针
	p = head
	pHead = dummyHead.Next
	for p != nil {
		if p.Random != nil {
			pHead.Random = mp[p.Random]
		}
		pHead = pHead.Next
		p = p.Next
	}
	return dummyHead.Next
}

高级解法

新节点直接放在旧节点之后，设置完random指针之后， 再拆分链表。

func copyRandomList(head *Node) *Node {
	// clone 节点
	p := head
	for p != nil {
		pClone := &Node{
			Val: p.Val,
			Next: p.Next,
		}
		p.Next = pClone
		p = pClone.Next
	}
	// clone random 指针
	p = head
	for p != nil {
		pClone := p.Next
		if p.Random != nil {
			pClone.Random = p.Random.Next
		}
		p = pClone.Next
	}
	// 拆分链表
	p = head
	var dummyHead Node
	pHead := &dummyHead
	for p != nil {
		pClone := p.Next
		pHead.Next = pClone
		pHead = pHead.Next

		p.Next = pClone.Next
		p = p.Next
	}
	return dummyHead.Next
}