The string "PAYPALISHIRING"
is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)
P A H N A P L S I I G Y I R
And then read line by line: "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:
string convert(string text, int nRows);
convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 3)
should return "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"
.
题目的意思是把字符串上下上下走之字形状,然后按行输出,比如包含数字0~22的字符串, 给定行数为5,走之字形如下:
现在要按行输出字符,即:0 8 16 1 7 9 15 17 2…….
如果把以上的数字字符看做是字符在原数组的下标, 给定行数为n = 5, 可以发现以下规律:
(1)第一行和最后一行下标间隔都是interval = n*2-2 = 8
(2)中间行的间隔是周期性的,第i行的间隔是: interval–2*i, 2*i, interval–2*i, 2*i, interval–2*i, 2*i, …
char* convert(char* s, int numRows) {
if(numRows == 1) return s;
int len = strlen(s), k = 0, interval = (numRows<<1)-2; // strlen()是以'\0'为结尾计算数组长度的,但是计算出来的长度不包括'\0'
char *res=malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1));
for(int j = 0; j < len ; j += interval)//处理第一行
res[k++] = s[j];
for(int i = 1; i < numRows-1; i++)//处理中间行
{
int inter = (i<<1);
for(int j = i; j < len; j += inter)
{
res[k++] = s[j];
inter = interval - inter;
}
}
for(int j = numRows-1; j < len ; j += interval)//处理最后一行
res[k++] = s[j];
res[len]='\0';
return res;
}