oracle -11g-xe是数据库是免费版本，支持标准版的大部分功能。oracle XE版本也称快捷版本。是个个人学习，熟悉oracle的简化版。
oracle XE做为免费的Oracle数据库版本，主要的限制是：
最大数据库大小是11GB
可使用的最大内存是1G
一个机器只能安装一个XE实例
XE只能使用单CPU
1.下载OracleXE的包
[root@oracle2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip 公共 模板 视频 图片 文档 下载 音乐 桌面
[root@oracle2 ~]# unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip ----解压
Archive: oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip
creating: Disk1/
creating: Disk1/upgrade/
inflating: Disk1/upgrade/gen_inst.sql
creating: Disk1/response/
inflating: Disk1/response/xe.rsp
inflating: Disk1/oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
2.安装依赖
[root@oracle2 ~]# yum install libaio* -y
创建用户和组
[root@oracle2 ~]# cd Disk1/
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# useradd oracle
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# groupadd dba
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# groupadd oinstall
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
useradd：用户“oracle”已存在
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# grep dba /etc/group
dba:x:1002:
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# grep oinstall /etc/group
oinstall:x:1003:
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oracle) 组=1001(oracle)
不创建用户和组的话后续安装会报错
创建swap
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap2 bs=1024 count=2512000
记录了2512000+0 的读入
记录了2512000+0 的写出
2572288000字节(2.6 GB)已复制，22.2486 秒，116 MB/秒
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# /sbin/mkswap /home/swap2
正在设置交换空间版本 1，大小 = 2511996 KiB
无标签，UUID=100bb638-0c19-44cd-b191-78f02d8c5e81
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# /sbin/swapon /home/swap2
swapon: /home/swap2：不安全的权限 0644，建议使用 0600。
修改/etc/fstab文件
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# vim /etc/fstab
/home/swap2 swap swap defaults 0 0
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# mount -a
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 992 96 62 1 833 724
Swap: 4501 7 4493
配置内核参数
sudo nano /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf
(Enter the following)
# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters
fs.file-max=6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65000
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmax=536870912
(Save the file)
Note: kernel.shmmax = max possible value, e.g. size of physical RAM.
Verify: sudo cat /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf
Load new kernel parameters:
sudo service procps start
Verify:
sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max
-> fs.file-max = 6815744
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# vim /etc/profile
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/xe; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=XE; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
if [ $USER = "oracle" ];then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# source /etc/profile
root@oracle2 Disk1]# echo $ORACLE_BASE
手动创建目录，否则后续安装会报错。
bin/chmod: cannot access '/u01/app/oracle/oradata': No such file or directory
/bin/chmod: cannot access '/u01/app/oracle/diag': No such file or directory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diagmkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01
3.根据提示安装XE
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# rpm -i oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
输入的四项内容是：
- http访问时的端口
- 数据库的监听端口
- SYS和SYSTEM用户的密码
- 是否开机启动（并没有开机启动，可能还有地方要设置）。
安装完成后：
会自动建立一个名为oracle的用户，家目录/u01/app/oracle。
会建立dba组，oracle用户属于这个组。
会自动生成一个数据库实例，名为XE。/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/spfileXE.ora
To solve this /etc/init.d/oracle-xe: line 177: /etc/sysconfig/oracle-xe: No such file or directory
in ubuntu, go to the file /etc/init.d/oracle-xe and search for the line: CONFIGURATION="/etc/sysconfig/$CONFIG_NAME" change this to: CONFIGURATION="/etc/default/$CONFIG_NAME"
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# vim /etc/init.d/oracle-xe
line: CONFIGURATION="/etc/sysconfig/$CONFIG_NAME" change this to: CONFIGURATION="/etc/default/$CONFIG_NAME"
bash: /etc/init.d/oracle-xe: Permission denied
chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle-xe
配置oracle
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Configuration
-------------------------------------------------
This will configure on-boot properties of Oracle Database 11g Express
Edition. The following questions will determine whether the database should
be starting upon system boot, the ports it will use, and the passwords that
will be used for database accounts. Press <Enter> to accept the defaults.
Ctrl-C will abort.
Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]:8081
Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]:1521
Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Note that the same
password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM. Oracle recommends the use of
different passwords for each database account. This can be done after
initial configuration:
Confirm the password:
Do you want Oracle Database 11g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]:y
Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done
Configuring database...Done
Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance...Done
Installation completed successfully.
重新配置oracle
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
sudo rm /etc/default/oracle-xe
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure
4.连接数据库
[root@oracle2 Disk1]# su oracle
[oracle@oracle2 Disk1]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Aug 5 13:30:12 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn sys/ as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected.
sqlplus /nolog
Error 46 initializing SQL*Plus
HTTP proxy setting has incorrect value
SP2-1502: The HTTP proxy server specified by http_proxy is not accessible
unset http_proxy
unset no_proxy
sqlplus sys as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Mon Aug 3 11:58:49 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
卸载swap文件
sudo swapoff /path/to/swapfile/to/be/deleted
启动oracle服务
sudo service oracle-xe start卸载oracle
Login as user root:
sudo su -
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
dpkg --purge oracle-xe
rm -r /u01/app
rm /etc/default/oracle-xe
update-rc.d -f oracle-xe remove
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