java中hashmap,hashtable,linkedhashMap,Set,List区别及用法

        总的来说，hashmap的值的顺序是不定的，而linkedhashmap是按原先顺序来输出的，这是它的一个特点，在某些情况下是非常有用的。

        其他的用法，见代码出结果

        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // hashMap输入的顺序和输出的顺序是不一致的
        // 非同步，非线程安全，因为在同一时刻，多个线程可同时访问，故记取数据快
        Map<String, String> map1 = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            putData(map1, new StringBuilder("key").append(i).toString(), new StringBuilder("value").append(i)
                .toString());
        }

        // linkedHashMap输入的顺序与输出的顺序是一致辞的。
        Map<String, String> map2 = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();

        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        {
            putData(map2, new StringBuilder("key").append(j).toString(), new StringBuilder("value").append(j)
                .toString());
        }

        // 同步，线程安全，因为在同一时刻，只有一个线程可同时访问，故记取数据慢
        Map<String, String> map3 = new Hashtable<String, String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            putData(map3, new StringBuilder("key").append(i).toString(), new StringBuilder("value").append(i)
                .toString());
        }

        // ArrayList
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
        {
            list.add(new StringBuilder("key").append(k).toString());
        }

        // LinkedList
        List<String> list2 = new LinkedList<String>();
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        {
            list2.add(new StringBuilder("key").append(j).toString());
        }

        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("data initial complete");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(new StringBuilder("total time is").append(end - start).append("ms").toString());
        System.out.println();
        // 开始输出
        System.out.println("Start output");
        System.out.println();

        // 方式一遍历map
        Set<String> map1KeySet = map1.keySet();
        System.out.println("HashMap output:");
        for (Iterator<String> iterator = map1KeySet.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
        {
            String name = iterator.next();
            System.out.println(new StringBuilder(name).append(":").append(map1.get(name)).toString());

        }
        System.out.println();

        // 方式二遍历map
        Set<Entry<String, String>> map2KeyValue = map2.entrySet();
        System.out.println("LinkedHashMap output:");
        for (Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = map2KeyValue.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
        {
            Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();

            System.out.println(new StringBuilder(entry.getKey()).append(":").append(entry.getValue()));

        }
        System.out.println();

        // 方式二遍历map
        Set<Entry<String, String>> map3KeyValue = map3.entrySet();
        System.out.println("HashTable output:");
        for (Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = map3KeyValue.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
        {
            Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();

            System.out.println(new StringBuilder(entry.getKey()).append(":").append(entry.getValue()));

        }

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("ArrayList output");
        // ArrayList output
        for (String string : list)
        {
            System.out.println(string);
        }

        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("LinkedList output");
        // LinkedList
        for (String string2 : list2)
        {
            System.out.println(string2);
        }

    }

    public static void putData(Map<String, String> map, String key, String value)
    {
        map.put(key, value);
    }

执行结果：

data initial complete

total time is0ms

Start output

HashMap output:
key3:value3
key0:value0
key2:value2
key1:value1

LinkedHashMap output:
key0:value0
key1:value1
key2:value2
key3:value3

HashTable output:
key3:value3
key2:value2
key1:value1
key0:value0

ArrayList output
key0
key1
key2
key3

LinkedList output
key0
key1
key2
key3