OSPF综合实验

要求：

1，R4为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
2，R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；
3，整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分；
4，所有设备均可访问R4的环回；
5，减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；
6，全网可达

第一步，IP规划
Area 0   172.16.0.0/19
Area 1   172.16.32.0/19
Area 2   172.16.64.0/19
Area 3   172.16.96.0/19
Area 4   172.16.128.0/19
域外      172.16.160.0/19

1.配置ip地址

R1：
[r1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24

R2：
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.2 24. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24

R3：
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.3 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]int Serial 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.1 24

R4：
[isp]int s4/0/0
[isp-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[isp-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[isp-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.1.1.2 24
[isp-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.1.1.2 24
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[isp-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24

R5:
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.1 24

R6:
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.1.1.1 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.2 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.1 24

R7:
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.1.1.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.1 24

R8:
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.2 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.98.1 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.97.1 24

R9:
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.98.2 24
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.128.1 24
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.1 24

R10:
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.128.2 24
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.1 24

R11:
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.2 24
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.1 24
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.1 24

R12:
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 24
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 20
[r12-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.176.1 20

Area 0 区域写缺省路由：

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.1.1.2

2.R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点

R3:
[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.129 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 

R5:
[r5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.130 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register 

R6:
[r6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.131 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register 

R7:
[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.132 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register

更改网络类型,让中心点R3为DR,不要BDR

MGRE默认的网络类型是P2P，不能发送组播，而OSPF是以组播的形式传递信息，所以将网络类型改为broadcast ，将R5 R6 R7的DR优先级改为0

R3：
[R3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R5:
[R5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R6:
[R6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R7:

[R7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
 

配置OSPF

R1：
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R2：
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1        
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R3：
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.7
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.0.255

R5：
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.7
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255

R6：
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.7
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.0.255

R7：
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.128 0.0.0.7
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.0.255

R8:
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3        
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.0 0.0.0.255
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.0.255
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255

R9:
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
[R9-ospf-1]area 4        
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255

R10:
[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]area 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.0 0.0.0.255

R11:
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11        
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.0.255
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.0 0.0.0.255

R12:
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2        
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.0 0.0.0.255

域外配置
R12：
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]version 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

6.Area 0配置NAT地址网络转换
[R3]acl 2000                                
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R3-acl-basic-2000]q
[R3]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R6
[R6]acl 2000                                
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R6-acl-basic-2000]q
[R6]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R7
[R7]acl 2000                                
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R7-acl-basic-2000]q
[R7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet 0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

 7.不规则区域重发布
R9
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo  network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo  network 172.16.129.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo  network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255
（不规则区域重发布，让Area 4的LSA到OSPF进程2）

创建OSPF 2
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255

双重向发布
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9]ospf 2                        
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

R12

RIP重发布到OSPF 1
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip

 

6.减少LSA的更新量
Area 1
目前LSA

制作完全末梢区域（Totally Stub）,R1 R2三类（R3的除外）四类五类LSA都不学,R3默认下发缺省
R1:
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

R2:
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

R3：
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

此时的LSA

Area 2

目前LSA

 完全的非完全未梢区域 (Totally NSSA)通过七类LSA发送到ABR转换成5类LSA，R6默认下发缺省

R6：
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

R11：
[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

R12：

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

此时LSA

R6下发缺省

Area 3
此时LSA
完全的非完全未梢区域 (Totally NSSA)，将区域 Area 4 以7类LSA传递通过ABR转换为五类LSA，R7下发缺省

R7：
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

R8：
[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

R9：
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

此时

9.骨干区域汇总，减少LSA的更新量

此时的LSA

R3：
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

R6：
[r6]ospf 1  
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

R7：
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3 
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

配置空接口防环
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0

此时的LSA

R1去pingR4的环回

此时全网可达