C#组播源码测试结论

组播源码测试结论：

无论是组播还是广播，只能在同一个网段内进行，或者说需要路由器的支持，目前国内多数路由器都不支持，因此，测试结论就是，只要经过路由器才能相互访问的两台主机，基本上就不要使用这种传输技术了。

下面是C#测试源码，在局域网内通过，可以传输数据，单机上更是没有问题。但是，经过路由器以后就不一定了。

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

// This is the listener example that shows how to use the MulticastOption class.
// In particular, it shows how to use the MulticastOption(IPAddress, IPAddress)
// constructor, which you need to use if you have a host with more than one
// network card.
// The first parameter specifies the multicast group address, and the second
// specifies the local address of the network card you want to use for the data
// exchange.
// You must run this program in conjunction with the sender program as
// follows:
// Open a console window and run the listener from the command line.
// In another console window run the sender. In both cases you must specify
// the local IPAddress to use. To obtain this address run the ipconfig command
// from the command line.
//
namespace Mssc.TransportProtocols.Utilities
{

    public class TestMulticastOption
    {

        private static IPAddress mcastAddress;
        private static int mcastPort;
        private static Socket mcastSocket;
        private static MulticastOption mcastOption;


        private static void MulticastOptionProperties()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Current multicast group is: " + mcastOption.Group);
            Console.WriteLine("Current multicast local address is: " + mcastOption.LocalAddress);
        }


        private static void StartMulticast()
        {

            try
            {
                mcastSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                                         SocketType.Dgram,
                                         ProtocolType.Udp);

                Console.Write("Enter the local IP address: ");

                IPAddress localIPAddr = IPAddress.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

                //IPAddress localIP = IPAddress.Any;
                EndPoint localEP = (EndPoint)new IPEndPoint(localIPAddr, mcastPort);

                mcastSocket.Bind(localEP);


                // Define a MulticastOption object specifying the multicast group
                // address and the local IPAddress.
                // The multicast group address is the same as the address used by the server.
                mcastOption = new MulticastOption(mcastAddress, localIPAddr);

                mcastSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IP,
                                            SocketOptionName.AddMembership,
                                            mcastOption);
            }

            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
            }
        }

        private static void ReceiveBroadcastMessages()
        {
            bool done = false;
            byte[] bytes = new Byte[100];
            IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(mcastAddress, mcastPort);
            EndPoint remoteEP = (EndPoint)new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);

            try
            {
                while (!done)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Waiting for multicast packets.......");
                    Console.WriteLine("Enter ^C to terminate.");

                    mcastSocket.ReceiveFrom(bytes, ref remoteEP);

                    Console.WriteLine("Received broadcast from {0} :\n {1}\n",
                      groupEP.ToString(),
                      Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length));
                }

                mcastSocket.Close();
            }

            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
            }
        }

        public static void Main(String[] args)
        {
            // Initialize the multicast address group and multicast port.
            // Both address and port are selected from the allowed sets as
            // defined in the related RFC documents. These are the same
            // as the values used by the sender.
            mcastAddress = IPAddress.Parse("224.168.100.2");
            mcastPort = 11000;

            // Start a multicast group.
            StartMulticast();

            // Display MulticastOption properties.
            MulticastOptionProperties();

            // Receive broadcast messages.
            ReceiveBroadcastMessages();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

// This sender example must be used in conjunction with the listener program.
// You must run this program as follows:
// Open a console window and run the listener from the command line.
// In another console window run the sender. In both cases you must specify
// the local IPAddress to use. To obtain this address,  run the ipconfig command
// from the command line.
//
namespace Mssc.TransportProtocols.Utilities
{
    class TestMulticastOption
    {

        static IPAddress mcastAddress;
        static int mcastPort;
        static Socket mcastSocket;
        static string str="";
        static void JoinMulticastGroup()
        {
            try
            {
                // Create a multicast socket.
                mcastSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                                         SocketType.Dgram,
                                         ProtocolType.Udp);

                // Get the local IP address used by the listener and the sender to
                // exchange multicast messages.
                Console.Write("\nEnter local IPAddress for sending multicast packets: ");
                //IPAddress localIPAddr = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.200");
                str = Console.ReadLine();
                IPAddress localIPAddr = IPAddress.Parse(str);
                // Create an IPEndPoint object.
                IPEndPoint IPlocal = new IPEndPoint(localIPAddr, 0);

                // Bind this endpoint to the multicast socket.
                mcastSocket.Bind(IPlocal);

                // Define a MulticastOption object specifying the multicast group
                // address and the local IP address.
                // The multicast group address is the same as the address used by the listener.
                MulticastOption mcastOption;
                mcastOption = new MulticastOption(mcastAddress, localIPAddr);

                mcastSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IP,
                                            SocketOptionName.AddMembership,
                                            mcastOption);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\n" + e.ToString());
            }
        }

        static void BroadcastMessage(string message)
        {
            IPEndPoint endPoint;

            try
            {
                //Send multicast packets to the listener.
                endPoint = new IPEndPoint(mcastAddress, mcastPort);
                mcastSocket.SendTo(ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message), endPoint);
                Console.WriteLine("Multicast data sent.....");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\n" + e.ToString());
            }

            mcastSocket.Close();
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Initialize the multicast address group and multicast port.
            // Both address and port are selected from the allowed sets as
            // defined in the related RFC documents. These are the same
            // as the values used by the sender.
            mcastAddress = IPAddress.Parse("224.168.100.2");
            mcastPort = 11000;

            // Join the listener multicast group.
            JoinMulticastGroup();

            // Broadcast the message to the listener.
            BroadcastMessage(str+":Hello multicast listener.");
        }
    }
}