Hbase-1.2.4 javaAPI操作总结

一、 概述
关于Hbase的工作原理网上已经有很多详细介绍，就不在这里赘述了，我们直接研究代码

作为Hbase最新stable版，Hbase内部引入的部分hadoop2.5系列的jar包，这里且暂不去理会它，但是Java环境必须要8以上，我的正确运行环境为：
Centos-6.5
hadoop-2.6.5
Hbase-1.2.4
jdk1.8
二、代码设计

package com.unisk.bigdata.hbase;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.compress.Compression.Algorithm;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
public class Hbase {

    private static final String TABLE_NAME = "PEOPLE";
    private static final String COLUMN_FAMILY = "baseINFO";

    public static void createOrOverwrite(Admin admin, HTableDescriptor table) throws IOException {
        if (admin.tableExists(table.getTableName())) {
          admin.disableTable(table.getTableName());
          admin.deleteTable(table.getTableName());
        }
        admin.createTable(table);
      }

    public static void createSchemaTables(Configuration config) throws IOException {

        Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
             Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

          HTableDescriptor table = admin.getTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
          table.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY).setCompressionType(Algorithm.NONE));

          System.out.println("Creating table......");
          createOrOverwrite(admin, table);
          System.out.println("Done.");

      }

    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public static void insert(Configuration conf)throws IOException{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf,TABLE_NAME.getBytes());

        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("0001"));
        put.add("baseINFO".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), "wangxiaoming".getBytes());
        put.setAttribute("name", "wxm".getBytes());

        table.setWriteBufferSize(1024*1024*1024);
        table.put(put);
        System.out.println("insert success!");
        table.close();
    }


    public static void modifySchema (Configuration conf) throws IOException {
            Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
                 Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

              TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME);
              if (!admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
                System.out.println("Table does not exist.");
                System.exit(-1);
              }

              HTableDescriptor table = admin.getTableDescriptor(tableName);

              // Update existing table
              HColumnDescriptor newColumn = new HColumnDescriptor("NEWCF");
              newColumn.setCompactionCompressionType(Algorithm.GZ);
              newColumn.setMaxVersions(HConstants.ALL_VERSIONS);
              admin.addColumn(tableName, newColumn);

              // Update existing column family
              HColumnDescriptor existingColumn = new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY);
              existingColumn.setCompactionCompressionType(Algorithm.GZ);
              existingColumn.setMaxVersions(HConstants.ALL_VERSIONS);
              table.modifyFamily(existingColumn);
              admin.modifyTable(tableName, table);

              // Disable an existing table
              admin.disableTable(tableName);

              // Delete an existing column family
              admin.deleteColumn(tableName, COLUMN_FAMILY.getBytes("UTF-8"));

              // Delete a table (Need to be disabled first)
              admin.deleteTable(tableName);

      }

    public static void main(String... args) throws IOException {
        Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();

      //Add any necessary configuration files (hbase-site.xml, core-site.xml)
      //config.addResource(new Path(System.getenv("HBASE_CONF_DIR"), "hbase-site.xml"));
      //config.addResource(new Path(System.getenv("HADOOP_CONF_DIR"), "core-site.xml"));

      config.addResource("/wxm/software/hbase/hbase-1.2.4/conf/hbase-site.xml");
      config.addResource("/wxm/software/hbase/hbase-1.2.4/conf/core-site.xml");

      createSchemaTables(config);

      insert(config);  
     //modifySchema(config);
      }  
}

三、代码分析

为了逻辑上严谨一点，这里写了createOrOverwrite方法，若初学API，大可不必浪费这几行空间，升级1.0之后，不建议使用HTablePool对象，可使用Admin来跟Hbase交互，另在main方法中，因为运行调用Hbase环境配置，故需要加入运行时参数，但简单起见，依然可以固定在代码里，关于put对象，以及HTableDescripter对象，可以以集合的形式传入从而增加效率，这个看需求，后期改进即可，后面如果有时间，我会将关于Hbase的通用增删改查的工具发布到github，大家有问题可以加qq1821088755一起交流。