Callable小例子

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class CallableDemo implements Callable<String> {

	@Override
	public String call() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
		return "hello CallableDemo";
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());

		// 分步骤调用
		/*CallableDemo callableDemo = new CallableDemo();
		FutureTask<String> future = new FutureTask<>(callableDemo);
		// 不能调用FutureTask的run方法，因为它类似于调用Thread.run方法，只是普通调用，不会启用多线程
		new Thread(future).start();
		String s = future.get();
		System.out.println(s);*/
		

		
		// 匿名类
		/*FutureTask<String> f = new FutureTask<>(() -> {
			System.out.println("callable匿名类方法体");
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
			return "callable匿名类用法";
		});
		new Thread(f).start();
		System.out.println(f.get());*/

		// 线程池submit(Callable)
		/*List<Future<String>> futureList = new ArrayList<>();
//		ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
		ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5, new ThreadFactory() {
			
			@Override
			public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				return new Thread(r, "myThreadName");
			}
		});
		for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
			Future<String> submit = fixedThreadPool.submit(() -> {
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
				Thread.sleep(3000);
				return "b";
			});
			futureList.add(submit);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < futureList.size(); i++) {
			Future<String> rs = futureList.get(i);
			System.out.println(rs.get());
		}
		fixedThreadPool.shutdown();*/
		 

		// 线程池submit(FutureTask)
		List<Future<String>> futureList = new ArrayList<>();
		ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5, new ThreadFactory() {
			
			@Override
			public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				return new Thread(r, "myThreadName");
			}
		});
		for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
			// 第一种写法，直接用了CallableDemo
			 CallableDemo callableDemo = new CallableDemo();
			 FutureTask<String> future = new FutureTask<>(callableDemo);
			 fixedThreadPool.submit(future);
			 futureList.add(future);

			// 第二种写法，没用CallableDemo，用的匿名类方式
			/*FutureTask<String> future = new FutureTask<>(() -> {
				// System.out.println("callable匿名类方法体");
				System.out.println("线程名称=" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
				Thread.sleep(10000);
				return "a";
			});
			// 线程池执行多线程
			fixedThreadPool.submit(future);
			// 不用线程池执行
//			 new Thread(future, "线程" + (i+1)).start();
			futureList.add(future);*/
		}
		System.out.println(futureList.size());
		for (int i = 0; i < futureList.size(); i++) {
			Future<String> rs = futureList.get(i);
			// get()会无休止的等下去，一直阻塞线程，
			// 所以最好加时间和单位（超时会抛异常TimeoutException），防止无休止的阻塞主线程
			// System.out.println(rs.get());
			// 5秒 < 线程的10秒，所以会TimeoutException
			// System.out.println(rs.get(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
			// 11秒 > 线程的10秒，所以会一直阻塞，知道最后一个get到结果，才会继续主线程
			System.out.println(rs.get(11, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
		}
		fixedThreadPool.shutdown();
		// Future的get()方法会阻塞线程，如果上面没有遍历futureList或者只注释掉rs.get，那么会先
		// 输出 “走到底了”,然后等10秒钟结束主线程
		System.out.println("走到底了");

	}

}