原型模式

1. 通过拷贝原型创建新的对象，跳过了构造函数的执行，性能优于通过new直接创建对象

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description
 */
public class User implements Cloneable{
	private String name;
	private int age;

	public User(String name, int age){
		System.out.println("构造方法...");
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}

	@Override
	protected User clone()  {
		User user = null;
		try {
			user = (User) super.clone();
		}catch (CloneNotSupportedException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return user;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "name:" + name + ",age:" + age;
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description 原型模式
 */
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user = new User("zhangsan", 20);
		System.out.println(user);
		User clone = user.clone();
		System.out.println(clone);
	}
}

2. 浅拷贝与深拷贝

        2.1 浅拷贝，java中Object的clone()方法，对于引用对象拷贝的是内存地址

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description
 */
public class User implements Cloneable{
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private List<String> hobbies;

	public User(String name, int age){
		System.out.println("构造方法...");
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.hobbies = new ArrayList<>();
	}

	public List<String> getHobbies() {
		return hobbies;
	}

	public void setHobbies(String hobby) {
		this.hobbies.add(hobby);
	}

	@Override
	protected User clone()  {
		User user = null;
		try {
			user = (User) super.clone();
		}catch (CloneNotSupportedException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return user;
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description 原型模式
 */
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user = new User("张三", 20);
		user.setHobbies("写代码");
		System.out.println(user.getHobbies());
		User clone = user.clone();
		clone.setHobbies("设计模式");
		System.out.println(clone.getHobbies());
		System.out.println(user.getHobbies());
	}
}

        2.2 深拷贝的实现

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description
 */
public class User implements Cloneable{
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private ArrayList<String> hobbies;

	public User(String name, int age){
		System.out.println("构造方法...");
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.hobbies = new ArrayList<>();
	}

	public List<String> getHobbies() {
		return hobbies;
	}

	public void setHobbies(String hobby) {
		this.hobbies.add(hobby);
	}

	@Override
	protected User clone()  {
		User user = null;
		try {
			user = (User) super.clone();
			// 深拷贝
			this.hobbies = (ArrayList<String>) this.hobbies.clone();
		}catch (CloneNotSupportedException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return user;
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/1 10:54
 * @description 原型模式
 */
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user = new User("张三", 20);
		user.setHobbies("写代码");
		System.out.println(user.getHobbies());
		User clone = user.clone();
		clone.setHobbies("设计模式");
		System.out.println(clone.getHobbies());
		System.out.println(user.getHobbies());
	}
}