二、Struts2和Spring2.5的整合
(1)在web.xml中加入Struts2过滤器
<filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> |
(2)导入struts2.1.6的jar包
这个里要导入7个jar包,可能很多教程上说只要加如5个核心包就可以了,但是2.1.6却要另外导入commons-io-1.3.2.jar、commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar两个包,而且这个说明在官网的doc中也没有说明,这是我们需要注意一点的。当然我们也可以把struts2的所有包导入。
(3)加入struts2和spring整合的jar包
将struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.6.jar导入项目中。
(4)在src下建一个struts.xml,默认格式如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts>
</struts> |
在<struts></struts>之间添加一个常量,将struts交给spring管理。
<struts> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"/> </struts> |
(5)修改web.xml文件,配置Spring监听器和上下文变量
<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> |
注意:此配置需要放在过滤器之前。
增加OpenSessionInView过滤器的设置,放在struts过滤器之前
作用:
Spring中对OpenSessionInViewFilter的描述:它是一个Servlet2.3过滤器,用来把一个Hibernate Session和一次完整的请求过程对应的线程相绑定。目的是为了实现"Open Session in View"的模式。例如: 它允许在事务提交之后延迟加载显示所需要的对象。 |
<filter> <filter-name>lazyLoadingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>lazyLoadingFiter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> |
(6)编写Action类继承ActionSupport
package cn.zhang.crm.action; import java.util.List; import cn.zhang.crm.model.pojo.Employee; import cn.zhang.crm.service.EmployeeManager; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; publicclass EmployeeAction extends ActionSupport { privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID = -3117990268615208697L; private EmployeeManager employeeManager; private Employee employee; private List employees; privateintid;
publicint getId() { returnid; } publicvoid setId(int id) { this.id = id; } publicvoid setEmployeeManager(EmployeeManager employeeManager) { this.employeeManager = employeeManager; }
public String add(){ employeeManager.addEmployee(employee); returnSUCCESS; }
public String list(){ this.employees = employeeManager.listEmployee(); returnSUCCESS; }
public String delete(){ employeeManager.deleteEmployee(id); returnSUCCESS; } public List getEmployees() { returnemployees; } publicvoid setEmployees(List employees) { this.employees = employees; } publicvoid setEmployee(Employee employee) { this.employee = employee; } public Employee getEmployee() { returnemployee; } } |
(7)配置struts.xml,将action写入
<package name="crm_employee" extends="struts-default" namespace="/emp"> <action name="add" class="addBean" method="add"> <result type="chain"> <param name="actionName">list</param> </result> </action> <action name="list" class="listBean" method="list"> <result>list.jsp</result> </action> <action name="delete" class="deleteBean" method="delete"> <result>list.action</result> </action> <!-- Add actions here --> </package> |
(8)在applicationContext.xml中增加bean映射
<bean id="addBean" class="cn.zhang.crm.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeManager"> <ref bean="employeeManager" /> </property> </bean> <bean id="listBean" class="cn.zhang.crm.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeManager"> <ref bean="employeeManager" /> </property> </bean> <bean id="deleteBean" class="cn.zhang.crm.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeManager"> <ref bean="employeeManager" /> </property> </bean> |
同时增加事务的处理
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref local="sessionFactory"/> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务特性,处理add、delete、update等开始方法,传播特性为REQUIRED--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="list*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod" expression="execution(* cn.zhang.crm.service.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" /> </aop:config> |
要让applicationContext.xml认得事务处理,我们需要将beans头识别修改一下,如下:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd "> |
(9)添加jsp文件
emp/add.jsp
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head>
<title>雇员用户信息增加</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head>
<body> <h1>雇员用户信息输入</h1> <s:form action="add"> <s:textfield name="employee.name" label="姓名" /> <s:textfield name="employee.address" label="地址"/> <s:textfield name="employee.phone" label="电话" /> <s:submit/> </s:form> </body> </html> |
emp/list.jsp
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>雇员用户信息显示</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head>
<body> <h1>雇员用户信息显示</h1> <table> <tr> <td>编号</td> <td>姓名</td> <td>地址</td> <td>电话</td> </tr> <s:iterator value="employees"> <tr> <td><s:property value="id"/></td> <td><s:property value="name"/></td> <td><s:property value="address"/></td> <td><s:property value="phone"/></td> </tr> </s:iterator> </table> </body> </html> |
(10)部署,测试效果
http://localhost:8088/crm/emp/add.jsp
到这里,整个实例算运行起来了。
可能出现的问题:
去除lib下面的asm-2.2.3.jar;xerces.jar否则会出现很多问题
cannot be cast to org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParserConfiguration
Exception starting filter struts2
Caught exception while loading file struts-default.xml
但 如果只导入struts2下的实例blank中的5个包则没有问题。因为struts2中lib下有很多插件plugin等包。如:有朋友说在项目中根本 没有采用spring架构,但配置了spring后才不出现该问题,其实这是因为他导入了struts2-spring-plugin- 2.0.11.jar。所以根据控制台报出的具体错误找出问题之所在。看看你的项目中具体是哪个出了问题。